Table of Contents
The Coca-Cola Company’s complicity footprint under the BDS-1000 framework is driven primarily by its long-term exclusive franchise relationship with Central Bottling Company (CBC), Israel’s dominant fast-moving consumer goods conglomerate. V-ECON is the highest-scoring domain (V-Score: 1.93), reflecting a decades-long contractual relationship — formalised before the 1966 Arab League boycott and recognised by the Israeli government in 1997 — through which CBC has grown into the dominant Israeli bottler with subsidiaries spanning dairy, juice, water, and wine, and with documented physical operations in occupied East Jerusalem, the Jordan Valley, and the Golan Heights.
V-DIG scores second (1.69), anchored by confirmed deployments of Israeli-origin cybersecurity technology (CyberArk) at two major Coca-Cola bottlers and a retail computer-vision platform (Trax) at a third, alongside TCCC’s structurally significant “The Bridge” accelerator programme in Tel Aviv. V-POL scores third (1.41), led by a well-documented asymmetry between TCCC’s full business suspension in Russia following the 2022 invasion and its continuing silence on CBC’s occupation-linked operations, compounded by a senior TCCC counsel’s chairmanship of a bilateral US-Israel trade advocacy body, a documented franchise-level donation to an Israeli nationalist organisation, and a pattern of deflective public communications. V-MIL scores lowest (0.95), reflecting plausible but procurement-document-unverified supply of standard civilian dairy products by CBC’s Tara subsidiary to IDF and IPS institutional channels, with no weapons manufacturing, dual-use engineering, or defence-prime supply relationship identified.
The composite BDS-1000 score of 241 (Tier D) accurately captures a company whose complicity is structural and economic in character rather than military or intelligence-linked. The principal complicity mechanism is the exclusive franchise relationship: TCCC supplies concentrate, licenses its brand, and earns royalties from a franchisee whose operations are materially embedded in the settler economy. TCCC exercises contractual leverage over CBC (confirmed by Israeli court rulings on transfer pricing and the arm’s-length principle) while maintaining legal separateness that distances Atlanta from the subsidiary-level activities.
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 1886 | The Coca-Cola Company founded in Atlanta, Georgia |
| 1966 | Arab League imposes boycott on Coca-Cola following TCCC’s decision to grant Israeli franchise to CBC |
| 1991 | Arab League boycott of Coca-Cola lifted |
| 1997 | Israeli government Economic Mission publicly honours Coca-Cola for “continued support of Israel” during boycott period 1 |
| 2004 | CBC acquires Tara Dairy cooperative for approximately $39 million 2 |
| 2009 | CBC / Tabor Winery reportedly plants approximately 100 dunams of vineyards in Gush Etzion settlement bloc (West Bank) 3 |
| 2014 | TCCC launches “The Bridge” startup commercialisation programme in Tel Aviv 4 |
| ~2014–2016 | Joel Neuman (TCCC Senior Managing Counsel) serves as Chairman of AICC Southeast Region (Conexx) 5 |
| 2015 | CBC donates 50,000 NIS (~$13,850) to Im Tirtzu; Corporations Authority later mandates disclosure 6 |
| March 2016 | Palestinian Authority announces partial restriction on Tara Dairy products, citing IPS supply and occupation-linked sourcing 7 |
| May 2017 | Israeli Corporations Authority-mandated disclosure of CBC’s Im Tirtzu donation reported by i24NEWS and The New Arab 78 |
| 2017 | TCCC invests $10 million in Bringg (Israeli logistics startup) Series B 9 |
| 2017 | The Bridge programme expands, adding corporate partners and approximately doubling participating startups to ~30 10 |
| February 2020 | UN OHCHR publishes database of businesses involved in settlement activities; Mizrahi Tefahot Bank (CBC controlling shareholders’ bank) listed 11 |
| 2021 | CyberArk confirmed as enterprise-wide privileged-access platform at Coca-Cola Europacific Partners (CCEP) 12 |
| August 2021 | Wiz researchers discover ChaosDB vulnerability (CVE-2021-33762) in Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB; ~3,300 customers notified 13 |
| 2021 | CyberArk selected by Coca-Cola HBC (CCHBC) for identity security 14 |
| March 2022 | TCCC suspends Russian business following invasion of Ukraine, issuing named press release with moral condemnation 15 |
| August 2022 | Who Profits researchers document CBC distribution truck crossing Qalandiya military checkpoint 3 |
| 2023 | CBC forms R&D partnership with Brevel (Israeli agri-food startup) for algae-derived beverages 16 |
| Late 2023 | TCCC contributes $200,000 to Mercy Corps for Gaza humanitarian relief 17 |
| November 2023 | Senator Ted Cruz demands Coca-Cola explain scrubbing of BLM references from corporate website; removal confirmed 18 |
| January 2024 | TCCC CEO James Quincey deflects questions on Israel association at World Economic Forum, Davos 19 |
| June 2024 | Coca-Cola advertisement in Bangladesh sparks public backlash and is withdrawn; boycott-related sales declines reported 20 |
| July 2024 | International Court of Justice issues advisory opinion finding Israel’s occupation unlawful; no TCCC public response identified 11 |
| August 2024 | Tel Aviv District Court rules CBC’s royalty/concentrate payments to TCCC subject to Israeli withholding tax (Case No. AM 16567-07-17) 21 |
| August 2024 | Brighton city councillor boycotts Brighton Pride over Coca-Cola’s sponsorship and Israeli franchise connections 22 |
| 2024 | “Gaza Cola” launched by Palestinian activist as explicit market competitor; Times of Israel reports declining Coca-Cola sales in West Bank 23 |
| November 2025 | PAX for Peace publishes 2025 “Don’t Buy Into Occupation” report covering corporate presence in occupied territories 24 |
The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC), incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, is a publicly traded beverage manufacturer and brand licensor (NYSE: KO) operating in more than 200 countries. Its largest institutional shareholders — Berkshire Hathaway (~9.3%), Vanguard Group, and BlackRock — are US-domiciled entities.25 TCCC’s primary business is the production and sale of concentrate and syrup to franchised bottlers, combined with the global licensing of its brand portfolio.
TCCC’s relationship with Israel dates to a franchise award that predated the 1966 Arab League boycott. The exclusive Israeli bottling franchise is held by Central Bottling Company Ltd (CBC / Coca-Cola Israel), a privately held company controlled by the Wertheim family. David Wertheim holds approximately 63% of shares.263 CBC is not a TCCC subsidiary — it is a legally distinct Israeli private company operating under a concentrate-supply and brand-licence agreement. Under this franchise model, the primary documented financial flow runs from CBC in Israel to TCCC in Atlanta in the form of concentrate fees and royalties.25
CBC has evolved well beyond carbonated soft drinks into a diversified FMCG conglomerate, with subsidiaries including Tara Dairy (Israel’s second-largest dairy processor, acquired ~2004), Prigat (juices), Neviot (mineral water), and Tabor Winery. The Wertheim family also holds a controlling stake in Mizrahi Tefahot Bank, Israel’s third-largest bank, which is listed on the UN OHCHR database of businesses involved in settlement activities.11 This creates an ownership-level nexus between CBC’s controlling shareholders and an entity formally identified by the United Nations as involved in settlement-related activities — though the UN designation applies to the bank, not to CBC or TCCC directly.
TCCC also operates a parallel franchise agreement with the National Beverage Company (NBC) in Ramallah, serving the Palestinian market. NBC employs approximately 1,000 Palestinians but operates under the structural constraints imposed by Israeli movement restrictions and import controls.327
The core V-MIL finding concerns the supply of standard civilian food products — primarily dairy goods produced by Tara Dairy, a wholly-owned CBC subsidiary — to the Israeli “Institutional Market,” a trade category that in standard Israeli food-industry usage encompasses the Israel Defence Forces (IDF), Israel Prison Service (IPS), police, and hospital systems. This finding is documented by the Who Profits Research Center’s corporate profile of CBC and corroborated by i24NEWS reporting and the Palestinian Authority’s March 2016 decision to restrict Tara products, which cited IPS supply as a stated ground.37 The BDS Movement’s 2024 campaign publication additionally alleges delivery vehicles have base access, though this publication is treated as an advocacy-origin secondary source rather than a primary procurement record.28
A 2006 USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN report on the Israeli food processing sector estimated military consumption at approximately 4% of total Israeli food volume; given Tara’s scale as Israel’s second-largest dairy processor and its documented institutional market designation, its participation in that supply pool is statistically plausible.29 No specific tender award document, contract value, or request for proposals naming CBC or Tara Dairy as a direct counterparty to the IDF has been publicly identified. The Impact score of 2.5 accordingly sits within the Low band for direct civilian supply to the IDF/IPS: this is standard commercial food — dairy and soft drinks — not military-specification or dual-use engineering goods, and involves no FMS channel, end-user certificate, weapons, or defence-prime relationship.
The supply mechanism operates through CBC’s own institutional sales channel. Tara is a wholly-owned subsidiary of CBC, and CBC is TCCC’s exclusive Israeli franchisee — establishing a clear ownership chain. However, the Proximity score of 7.5 is discounted from the maximum to reflect that the franchisee (CBC) rather than TCCC Atlanta directly holds the institutional supply relationship. The Magnitude score of 3.5 reflects minor recurring supply of unknown specific contract value: Tara is CBC’s second-largest category and the institutional market designation is long-standing, but no contract value or volume attributable specifically to military or IPS consumption has been publicly disclosed.
Beyond Tara Dairy, the V-MIL domain encompasses CBC’s documented geographic footprint in occupied territory. CBC operates a regional distribution centre and cold-storage warehousing in the Atarot Industrial Zone, occupied East Jerusalem — a settlement industrial zone constructed on land expropriated from the Palestinian villages of Beit Hanina and Shuafat in the early 1970s.3031 A CBC distribution truck was documented crossing the Qalandiya military checkpoint in August 2022.3 In the occupied Jordan Valley, CBC’s subsidiary Meshek Zuriel dairy farm operates at Shadmot Mehola settlement (Area C). In the occupied Syrian Golan, CBC holds a stake of approximately one-third in Ramat Hagolan Dairies, which sources milk from approximately 18 cooperative farms in Golan Heights settlements, and CBC’s subsidiary Tabor Winery sources grapes from vineyards in the occupied Golan and the Gush Etzion settlement bloc in the West Bank.332 These occupied-territory agricultural operations represent long-term capital investment in settlement infrastructure, including a reported planting of approximately 100 dunams of Gush Etzion vineyards around 2009.3
The domain also includes CBC’s documented participation in IDF-linked charity structures. Advocacy sources — specifically the Inminds campaign and the BDS Movement — assert CBC has participated in the “Adopt a Soldier” (Amez Lohem) programme for over 15 years, sponsoring IDF combat units designated “Shahar” and “Azuz.”2833 CBC is also cited as a donor to the Association for the Wellbeing of Israel’s Soldiers (AWIS / Aguda Lemaan HaHayal), whose registry entry is publicly accessible.34 The AWIS donation is treated as plausible; the unit designations and duration figure appear exclusively in advocacy-origin sources and have not been corroborated via independent primary documentation.
Critically, CBC’s product portfolio — carbonated beverages, dairy, juices, and wine — has no documented intersection with SIBAT directories, arms export catalogues, or dual-use product categories. No weapons manufacturing, munitions, defence-prime supply, component or sub-system relationship, or export-licence proceeding has been identified. The V-MIL domain score of 0.95 reflects a company whose military-relevant activity is confined to civilian food supply through standard commercial tender mechanisms, with geographic presence in occupied territory that has symbolic and structural significance but does not constitute a defence contracting relationship.
The most significant evidentiary gap is the absence of any primary procurement document — tender instrument, contract award notice, or request for proposals — naming CBC or Tara Dairy as a direct counterparty to the IDF. The multi-source corroboration (Who Profits, i24NEWS, PA restriction) establishes the claim as plausible, but none of these sources reproduces a primary procurement record. The BDS 2024 publication that most specifically alleges base-access delivery is an advocacy-origin document. An auditor seeking to raise or lower the Impact score materially would need to identify or rule out a primary IDF tender instrument.
The occupied-territory agricultural operations (Meshek Zuriel, Ramat Hagolan Dairies, Tabor Winery) are better corroborated for existence and location, but their scoring home is primarily V-ECON (economic integration with the settler economy) rather than V-MIL. Their inclusion in V-MIL is limited to the context of logistical sustainment and geographic footprint in areas under military administration. The current operational status of these facilities as of 2025 — particularly post-October 2023 — has not been independently confirmed via live-verified primary sources.
The ownership nexus through the Wertheim family to Mizrahi Tefahot Bank is documented, but the UN OHCHR designation applies to the bank, not to CBC or TCCC. Attribution of the bank’s settlement-financing activity to the beverage company is an ownership-level inference, not a finding of direct CBC military-financial involvement. Any claim that TCCC itself bears responsibility through this chain requires establishing additional links not present in the reviewed sources.
Finally, no CBC or TCCC response has been publicly identified that contests the Who Profits findings. The absence of a denial is not itself corroborating evidence, but it does mean there are no competing factual claims from the companies themselves against which to test the NGO documentation.
| Entity | Type | Role / Relevance | Verification Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Central Bottling Company (CBC / Coca-Cola Israel) | Israeli private company | TCCC exclusive Israeli franchisee; institutional market supplier | Multi-source corroborated 328 |
| Tara Dairy | CBC subsidiary | IDF/IPS institutional dairy supply; Atarot distribution | Plausible, unverified by primary procurement doc 37 |
| Tabor Winery | CBC subsidiary | Grape sourcing from Gush Etzion (West Bank) and occupied Golan | Multi-source corroborated 332 |
| Meshek Zuriel dairy farm | CBC subsidiary | Located in Shadmot Mehola, occupied Jordan Valley (Area C) | Sourced to Who Profits; not independently registry-verified 32 |
| Ramat Hagolan Dairies | CBC ~1/3 stake | Milk sourcing from ~18 Golan Heights settlement farms | Sourced to Who Profits 32 |
| Atarot Industrial Zone | Settlement industrial zone | CBC distribution centre; occupied East Jerusalem | Multi-source corroborated 33031 |
| AWIS / Aguda Lemaan HaHayal | IDF-linked charity | Alleged CBC donation recipient | Plausible; registry-corroborated; donation unverified by primary source 34 |
| “Adopt a Soldier” / Amez Lohem | IDF unit sponsorship programme | Alleged CBC participation for >15 years | Advocacy-origin only; unverified 2833 |
| Who Profits Research Center | NGO | Primary documentation source for CBC’s occupied-territory operations | Published research database 332 |
| Al-Haq | Palestinian human rights NGO | Atarot Industrial Zone legal status documentation | Published June 2020 report 31 |
| Institute for Palestine Studies | Academic/policy body | Atarot zone analysis | Published study 30 |
| BDS Movement | Advocacy | IDF supply allegations; Atarot; AWIS citations | Advocacy-origin; secondary status 28 |
| Israel Prison Service (IPS) | Israeli state entity | Named institutional market consumer of Tara products | Corroborated by PA restriction and i24NEWS 7 |
| Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) | Israeli state military | Named institutional market consumer of Tara products | Plausible; no primary procurement doc 29 |
The V-DIG domain identifies TCCC and its bottling system as buyers of Israeli-origin technology at enterprise scale, and as institutional sponsors of the Israeli startup ecosystem through a structured accelerator programme. The Impact score of 3.5 reflects the “Soft Dual-Use Procurement” band: the Coca-Cola system is a confirmed commercial customer of Israeli-origin technology companies, not a developer of dual-use systems. The Customer Cap is applied consistently throughout, capping I at a maximum of 3.9 for buyer-side relationships regardless of the Israeli origin or security-sector associations of the vendors.
The strongest single finding is the confirmed enterprise-wide deployment of CyberArk — an Israeli-founded company with significant R&D operations in Israel — at Coca-Cola Europacific Partners (CCEP). A named CyberArk case study quotes CCEP Deputy CISO Mukesh Kapadia directly, describing CyberArk as “critical for mitigating risk” and confirming enterprise-wide coverage of privileged account management.12 The framing — a named Deputy CISO describing core infrastructure integration — indicates this is not a peripheral pilot. A separate CyberArk press release confirms that Coca-Cola HBC (CCHBC) also selected CyberArk for identity security.14 These two relationships represent Israeli-origin technology embedded at the privileged-access layer of enterprise infrastructure for two of Coca-Cola’s largest bottlers globally.
The second confirmed operational relationship is Trax, an Israeli-founded company with R&D operations in Israel, deployed by Coca-Cola Amatil (now part of Coca-Cola Europacific Partners following the 2021 merger) for retail shelf analytics and field force execution optimisation using computer vision.35 A published case study documents the deployment at operational scale, citing a 1.5% market share increase over five months. Trax’s technology — computer vision applied to retail shelf imagery — has no documented military or surveillance application in this context but is Israeli-origin technology deployed in a core commercial function.
The third significant finding is “The Bridge,” TCCC’s structured startup commercialisation programme launched in Tel Aviv in 2014, explicitly designed to identify and pilot Israeli startups for integration into TCCC’s global commercial operations.4 PitchBook lists The Bridge as an investor entity with an associated portfolio.36 By 2017 the programme had expanded to approximately 30 participating startups with additional corporate partners.10 Documented Bridge portfolio companies include Bringg (logistics orchestration), in which TCCC invested $10 million in the 2017 Series B;9 Cimagine (augmented reality, subsequently acquired by Snap Inc.); and Market Beyond (shopper intelligence). The Bridge represents institutionalised, proactive technology scouting and co-development between TCCC and the Israeli startup ecosystem — distinguishable from passive procurement of commercially available Israeli software.
CBC’s 2023 partnership with Brevel, an Israeli agri-food startup, for development of algae-derived functional beverages and dairy alternatives documents continued active Israeli ecosystem engagement at the franchisee level independently of The Bridge programme.16
The Magnitude score of 4.5 reflects multi-year enterprise deployments (CyberArk described as critical enterprise-wide; Trax at operational scale) combined with documented capital flow (Bringg $10M investment) and a programme that ran for at least three years. The Proximity score of 7.5 reflects direct, named contractual relationships: CCEP directly contracted CyberArk (named case study with named CISO), Coca-Cola Amatil directly contracted Trax, and TCCC directly invested in Bringg and operated The Bridge.
The V-DIG score does not reflect any finding of TCCC providing technology to Israeli military, intelligence, or state security entities. No cloud infrastructure co-location, Project Nimbus participation, facial recognition deployment, surveillance technology provision, or autonomous weapons relationship has been identified in any reviewed source. The domain is purely buyer-side technology procurement with an Israeli-origin vendor concentration and an active startup ecosystem investment posture.
Several claims in the underlying research materials were explicitly excluded from scoring due to insufficient evidentiary support. The assertion that Wiz specifically named Coca-Cola as a customer affected by the ChaosDB vulnerability was not independently confirmable from secondary sources — the incident itself is verified but the Coca-Cola naming is unverified. No public evidence of a named Coca-Cola / Check Point contractual relationship was identified; the Check Point–Wiz partnership articles describe an inter-vendor relationship only. No named CCEP / Claroty contractual relationship was identified from primary sources — Claroty’s published materials do not list CCEP. No Costa Coffee / Trigo pilot was announced or confirmed. The Project Nimbus co-tenancy argument is inferential and has no documentary basis.
These exclusions matter because a reviewer accepting all asserted relationships would arrive at a materially higher score. The discipline of excluding unverified claims narrows the confirmed Israeli-origin technology footprint to CyberArk (two bottlers), Trax (one bottler), and The Bridge / Bringg investment. Even this confirmed footprint is significant — CyberArk at enterprise-wide privileged-access layers of two major bottlers is a substantive deployment — but the score is appropriately bounded by what is documented.
The post-2020 status of The Bridge programme is uncertain. No 2022–2025 press releases, cohort announcements, or events confirming active operations were identified. If The Bridge has been wound down, this would reduce the ongoing nature of TCCC’s structured Israeli ecosystem engagement, though the historical capital flows and portfolio relationships (Bringg investment) remain documented facts. The Magnitude score is not materially dependent on The Bridge’s current status.
The V-DIG domain cannot assess whether Israeli-origin technology deployed in TCCC’s enterprise environment has any indirect connection to Israeli military or intelligence operations. CyberArk is commercially available enterprise software with no documented defence-specific variant in TCCC’s deployment. Attributing military complicity to commercial software procurement from Israeli companies would require evidence of technology transfer, intelligence-sharing, or specific capability provision — none of which has been identified for TCCC.
| Entity | Type | Role / Relevance | Verification Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| CyberArk | Israeli-founded cybersecurity company (Newton, MA / Israel R&D) | Enterprise-wide PAM at CCEP; identity security at CCHBC | Confirmed — named case study (CCEP), press release (CCHBC) 1214 |
| Trax | Israeli-founded computer vision company | Retail shelf analytics / field force execution at Coca-Cola Amatil | Confirmed — published case study 35 |
| Coca-Cola Europacific Partners (CCEP) | TCCC major bottler | CyberArk customer; Trax customer (via Amatil merger) | Confirmed 1235 |
| Coca-Cola HBC (CCHBC) | TCCC major bottler | CyberArk identity security customer | Confirmed 14 |
| Bringg | Israeli-founded logistics platform | TCCC Bridge portfolio; $10M Series B investment from TCCC (2017) | Confirmed — multiple sources 936 |
| Cimagine | Israeli AR startup | Bridge portfolio; acquired by Snap Inc. (Dec 2017) | Confirmed M&A event 37 |
| Market Beyond | Israeli shopper intelligence platform | Asserted Bridge portfolio; Pinhas Buchris advisory board claim | Partially verified — Buchris background verifiable; Market Beyond Bridge participation requires primary confirmation 37 |
| Brevel | Israeli agri-food startup | CBC R&D partnership (2023) for algae-derived beverages | Confirmed 16 |
| Wiz | Israeli-founded cloud security (CNAPP) | ChaosDB disclosure; Unit 8200 co-founder alumni | ChaosDB verified; Coca-Cola specific naming unverified 13 |
| Check Point Software | Israeli-founded network security | No confirmed TCCC customer relationship | No public evidence 38 |
| Claroty | Israeli-origin OT/ICS cybersecurity | No confirmed CCEP customer relationship identified | No public evidence 39 |
| “The Bridge by Coca-Cola” | TCCC accelerator programme | Tel Aviv; Israeli startup commercialisation pipeline (2014–~2017) | Documented; post-2020 status uncertain 436 |
| Who Profits Research Center | NGO | CBC corporate profile; Atarot documentation | Published database 3 |
| PAX for Peace | NGO | 2025 “Don’t Buy Into Occupation” report | Published 24 |
| Pinhas Buchris | Individual | Former Israeli MoD Director General and Unit 8200 commander; alleged Market Beyond advisory board | Background verifiable; Market Beyond role unconfirmed 37 |
The V-ECON domain captures TCCC’s most structurally significant exposure: its exclusive, decades-long franchise relationship with CBC, which has made CBC the dominant FMCG conglomerate in the Israeli food and beverage market. The Impact score of 3.5 reflects “Sustained Trade / exclusive dealer arrangement” — the franchise structure is a contractual exclusivity arrangement through which TCCC is the sole supplier of concentrate and brand licence to the Israeli market. Per rubric discipline, exclusivity is a Proximity factor rather than an Impact-elevating factor; the financial flows involved are ongoing commercial revenue streams, not equity investment or direct operational control.
The franchise relationship pre-dates the 1966 Arab League boycott of Coca-Cola. Its longevity — spanning six decades — and the Israeli government’s public 1997 honouring of TCCC for “continued support of Israel” during the boycott period are documented historical anchors establishing the political and economic significance the relationship has carried for the Israeli state.1 The Magnitude score of 7.0 reflects this duration and scale. CBC is documented as dominant in Israeli carbonated soft drinks, with a multi-category portfolio spanning dairy (Tara, acquired ~$39M in 2004), juice (Prigat), water (Neviot), and wine (Tabor Winery).226 The Israeli Competition Authority’s investigation and subsequent NIS 62.7 million fine for antitrust violations in 2017 — while a regulatory enforcement action against CBC — implicitly confirms CBC’s market-dominant position.4041
The primary financial mechanism is a concentrate-and-royalty flow from CBC (Israel) to TCCC (Atlanta). TCCC does not hold equity in CBC and does not invest operating capital into CBC’s business; CBC is a separately incorporated private company.25 However, a Tel Aviv District Court ruling (August 2024) confirmed that CBC’s royalty and concentrate payments to TCCC are subject to Israeli withholding tax, and an Israeli Tax Authority ruling found that TCCC exercises significant pricing influence over CBC — findings that establish TCCC’s contractual leverage over the franchisee’s pricing structure despite legal separateness.2142 The Proximity score of 5.5 reflects this: TCCC has contractual leverage (concentrate supply, brand licence, pricing influence confirmed by court findings) without equity control, placing it above “incidental” but below “direct operator.”
TCCC’s only directly documented outward capital flow to an Israeli-domiciled entity is the $10 million Series B investment in Bringg in 2017, made alongside Aleph VC and Pereg Ventures.9 Whether TCCC retained or divested this stake in subsequent Bringg funding rounds is not confirmed in public filings. TCCC operated “The Bridge” accelerator connecting Israeli startups to its global commercial networks, with a documented 2017 expansion to approximately 30 participating companies.10
The occupied-territory economic footprint is the most significant qualitative element of the V-ECON domain. CBC’s Atarot Industrial Zone facility — a distribution centre and cold-storage operation — sits in occupied East Jerusalem on land classified as a settlement industrial zone constructed on expropriated Palestinian land.3031 Tabor Winery sources grapes from occupied Golan Heights and Gush Etzion (West Bank) settlements; Meshek Zuriel operates in the occupied Jordan Valley; and Ramat Hagolan Dairies draws on Golan Heights settlement farms.323 Israeli government incentive structures for settlement industrial zones — including preferential tax treatment and government grants — are documented as general policy, though specific applicability to CBC’s Atarot facility in the current period is not confirmed from a primary source. The economic integration of CBC’s supply chain with the settlement economy is thus multi-layered: distribution, agricultural production, and grape sourcing all operate within occupied territory.
The structural co-existence of the CBC franchise (embedded in the settler economy) and the NBC franchise in Ramallah (subject to Israeli movement restrictions and import controls) illustrates the asymmetric economic geography of TCCC’s Israel-Palestine franchise portfolio.273 TCCC simultaneously earns from an operator that benefits from settlement infrastructure and an operator constrained by the occupation’s commercial restrictions.
The most significant limitation is the absence of publicly disclosed financial data for CBC. CBC is a privately held Israeli company; it does not publish standalone audited financial statements accessible in international public databases. TCCC’s SEC filings do not break out Israel as a standalone revenue line, subsuming it within the EMEA operating segment.25 The Magnitude score of 7.0 is therefore anchored on qualitative structural indicators — market dominance, multi-category portfolio, decades of continuous operation, Tara acquisition price — rather than a specific revenue figure. A reviewer with access to CBC’s Israeli tax filings or a primary industry market-share study would be able to test this assessment more rigorously.
Several supply chain claims in the underlying research were excluded as insufficiently verified. The structural argument that Prigat’s ingredient supplier Gat Foods may source from Mehadrin (a documented occupied-territory agricultural operator) is plausible given Israeli agricultural market consolidation but rests on no identified invoice, customs record, or published supply chain audit confirming a direct contractual link. The claim that Innocent Drinks (CCEP-associated) sources Israeli citrus is not corroborated by CCEP’s own 2024 Sustainability Country Data, which does not list Israel as a named ingredient-sourcing country. Both remain open questions rather than verified findings.
The Bringg investment’s current status is uncertain. The $10 million 2017 Series B investment is confirmed, but whether TCCC retained its stake through subsequent rounds (Series C 2019, Series D 2021) is not disclosed in TCCC’s 10-K. If divested, the ongoing significance of this capital flow is reduced, though the historical fact of the investment remains.
TCCC does not hold Israeli sovereign bonds or Israel-focused investment funds in any disclosed SEC portfolio position, and no Israeli state ownership of TCCC has been identified. The franchise relationship is commercial, not state-directed from either the US or Israeli side.
| Entity | Type | Role / Relevance | Verification Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Central Bottling Company (CBC) | Israeli private company | TCCC exclusive Israeli franchise; dominant FMCG player | Multi-source corroborated 326 |
| Tara Dairy | CBC subsidiary | Dairy processor acquired ~$39M (2004); IDF/IPS institutional supply | Acquisition confirmed 2 |
| Prigat | CBC subsidiary | Juice production and concentrate | Corroborated 3 |
| Neviot | CBC subsidiary | Mineral water | Documented 3 |
| Tabor Winery | CBC subsidiary | Settlement-origin grape sourcing (Golan, Gush Etzion) | Who Profits / partially corroborated 323 |
| Meshek Zuriel | CBC subsidiary farm | Occupied Jordan Valley (Shadmot Mehola); dairy farming | Sourced to Who Profits 32 |
| Ramat Hagolan Dairies | CBC ~1/3 stake | Golan Heights settlement-farm milk sourcing | Sourced to Who Profits 32 |
| National Beverage Company (NBC) | Separate TCCC franchisee | Palestinian market; Gaza bottling; subject to Israeli movement restrictions | Corroborated 273 |
| Gat Foods | Israeli manufacturer | Prigat ingredient supplier; Mehadrin link alleged but unverified | Unverified supply chain link 43 |
| Mehadrin | Israeli agricultural aggregator | Jordan Valley / Golan Heights cultivation; Who Profits-documented | Gat Foods link unverified 44 |
| Bringg | Israeli logistics startup | $10M Series B investment (2017); current stake unconfirmed | Investment confirmed 9 |
| David Wertheim | Individual | CBC controlling shareholder (~63%); also Mizrahi Tefahot Bank shareholder | Confirmed 26 |
| Mizrahi Tefahot Bank | Israeli bank | CBC controlling shareholders’ bank; UN OHCHR settlement database listed | UN listing confirmed 11 |
| Israeli Competition Authority | Israeli regulator | NIS 62.7M antitrust fine against CBC (2017) | Confirmed 4041 |
| Clover (South Africa) | SA dairy company | CBC acquired stake (2019); CBC regional FMCG expansion | Confirmed 45 |
| Israel Economic Mission | Israeli government body | Publicly honoured Coca-Cola in 1997 for boycott-era support | Corroborated 1 |
| Atarot Industrial Zone | Settlement industrial zone | CBC distribution centre; occupied East Jerusalem | Multi-source corroborated 3031 |
| Arnon, Tadmor-Levy / Herzog Fox & Neeman | Israeli law firms | Transfer pricing rulings documentation | Published legal bulletins 2142 |
The V-POL domain documents a pattern of selective political posturing, structural deflection of accountability questions, and franchise-level political engagement that collectively place TCCC at the upper edge of the “Business-as-Usual” Impact band. The Impact score of 4.0 reflects a company that actively manages its political messaging around the Israel-Palestine conflict — through FAQ architecture, CEO deflection, and content modification — without rising to documented sustained board opposition to accountability resolutions or systematic intelligence-agency-aligned suppression.
The single most analytically significant V-POL finding is the Russia/Ukraine asymmetry. On 8 March 2022, TCCC issued a named press release suspending its Russian business with explicit moral language: “Our hearts are with the people who are enduring unconscionable effects of these tragic events.”1546 This combined verbal condemnation with full operational suspension. No equivalent statement directed at any party to the Israel-Palestine conflict — and no comparable operational review of the CBC franchise relationship — has been identified in any TCCC public communication through April 2026.647 The asymmetry is documented in TCCC’s own public record. It cannot establish intent, but it is an empirically verifiable disparity in the company’s application of its own stated humanitarian principles. Its significance is heightened by the contrast in scale: the CBC franchise is decades older, more economically significant to the Israeli state, and more extensively documented in human rights NGO databases than the Russian business relationship was.
TCCC’s FAQ denial architecture is a documented political communication strategy. The company maintains dedicated FAQ pages on its corporate and regional websites denying that it donates 80% of profits to Israel — the specific formulation in the Pakistan-market FAQ reflects the tailoring of denial messaging to Muslim-majority market concerns.647 Neither FAQ acknowledges the Atarot facility, Tabor Winery’s settlement sourcing, CBC’s occupied-territory agricultural subsidiaries, or the IDF/IPS institutional supply question. The denial is structurally scoped to refute a financial myth while leaving substantive occupation-linked questions unanswered in official communications.
CEO James Quincey’s Davos 2024 deflection — positioning TCCC as “a simple beverage company” when questioned about perceived association with Israel amid global boycotts — is documented and is consistent with the FAQ architecture.19 No on-record TCCC statement addressing the Atarot facility, CBC’s settlement sourcing, or the BDS movement’s stated evidentiary basis has been identified.
The Bangladesh advertisement incident (June 2024) is a documented instance of TCCC taking affirmative steps in a specific market to counter boycott messaging — broadcasting a television advertisement in which a shopkeeper referenced a Coca-Cola factory in Palestine — and then withdrawing it following public backlash.20 Reported sales declines of approximately 20–23% in some Bangladesh market segments are attributed to the boycott. This episode illustrates that TCCC’s political communications strategy is market-responsive and actively managed rather than passive.
The “Share a Coke” filtering — reports that the personalised label tool blocked “Palestine” while permitting “Israel” — was widely reported in 2023–2024 digital media and is noted as the subject of a news video segment.48 No independent technical audit, regulatory finding, or academic verification of the precise filtering logic has been identified. The finding is included at reduced weight as a reported but non-academically-verified data point consistent with the broader FAQ and content-management pattern.
The AICC Southeast Chairmanship held by Joel Neuman, TCCC’s Senior Managing Counsel, represents the most clearly documented instance of a named TCCC executive holding formal leadership in a pro-Israel bilateral trade advocacy organisation.549 The chairmanship is at senior-counsel level rather than C-suite or board level and is approximately 2014–2016 in tenure, but it constitutes a substantive advocacy commitment: the AICC’s explicit mission is to strengthen US-Israel economic ties, and the chairmanship is a leadership role, not nominal membership.
The BLM website scrubbing — confirmed removal of BLM financial support references from TCCC’s corporate website following Senator Ted Cruz’s November 2023 public demand — establishes a documented pattern of TCCC modifying politically sensitive public-facing content in response to external pressure from elected officials, without transparent public explanation.18
The Magnitude score of 4.5 and Proximity score of 5.5 reflect the episodic and indirect character of the documented political acts. The Im Tirtzu donation (50,000 NIS, 2015) originated at the CBC franchisee-owner level from the late Moshe Wertheim; no TCCC Atlanta-level authorisation has been identified, and no continuation by current CBC leadership has been confirmed.50 The $200,000 Mercy Corps Gaza donation is humanitarian in framing and scale relative to TCCC’s revenues.17 No confirmed TCCC-level direct donations to FIDF, JNF, or AIPAC have been identified. No Israel-specific federal lobbying disclosures have been found in TCCC’s Senate SOPR filings.
Several claims in the underlying research were excluded from the scored evidence base. The alleged “Peter Villegas / DMFI board” connection could not be verified and was discarded. David Weinberg’s CFR and Belfer Center affiliations were not independently confirmed from the TCCC leadership page or investor relations materials. The AICC Eagle Star / AIPAC Gold Sponsor claim is pre-2020, sourced to a single advocacy document, and has not been confirmed in subsequent years. The South Africa worker strike is noted but its precise date and context are uncertain.
The Russia/Ukraine comparison, while analytically significant, requires care in application. TCCC operates directly in Russia through its own bottling network; in Israel, it operates through a legally separate private franchisee. The operational structure differs. A company arguing in good faith that it has less direct control over a franchisee than over a wholly-owned subsidiary has a structurally grounded position — even if the Israeli Tax Authority and Tel Aviv District Court findings on TCCC’s pricing influence complicate the “pure arm’s length” argument. The asymmetry is documented; whether it reflects deliberate policy discrimination or operational structure differences is a question that the available evidence does not resolve.
The “Share a Coke” filtering claim, if technically verified, would be the strongest evidence of active content-level political discrimination by TCCC directly. Its current unverified status is a material limitation. Independent technical auditing of the filtering logic would substantially sharpen or weaken the V-POL score. Similarly, a comprehensive review of TCCC’s Senate SOPR lobbying filings for all sessions from 2010 to present — which this audit did not undertake — would either confirm the absence of Israel-specific lobbying or surface undisclosed disclosures.
The Mercy Corps donation’s humanitarian framing neither exonerates TCCC from the documented asymmetry of its political posture nor constitutes evidence of anti-Palestinian policy. It is documented as TCCC’s most direct public response to the Gaza conflict — and its $200,000 scale relative to TCCC’s revenues (~$45 billion in 2023) is contextually modest.
| Entity | Type | Role / Relevance | Verification Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| James Quincey | TCCC CEO | Davos 2024 deflection; no direct Israel-conflict engagement identified | Confirmed 19 |
| Joel Neuman | TCCC Senior Managing Counsel | AICC Southeast Chairman (~2014–2016) | Confirmed 549 |
| David Weinberg | TCCC Board Director | CFR / Belfer affiliations alleged but unconfirmed | Board membership confirmed; affiliations unconfirmed 5152 |
| Herb Allen | TCCC Board Director | Allen & Company; Sun Valley Conference host | Confirmed 53 |
| Moshe Wertheim (deceased) | CBC founder / former controlling shareholder | Authorized Im Tirtzu donation (50,000 NIS, 2015) | Confirmed by regulatory disclosure and two news sources 50 |
| David Wertheim | CBC controlling shareholder | Current CBC leader; Mizrahi Tefahot Bank shareholder | Confirmed 26 |
| Im Tirtzu | Israeli nationalist organisation | Recipient of 50,000 NIS CBC donation (2015); described by Israeli court as having “fascist characteristics” | Confirmed 5054 |
| AICC Southeast / Conexx | Bilateral trade advocacy organisation | Joel Neuman held chairmanship | Confirmed 549 |
| America-Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) | US political advocacy | 2009 AICC Eagle Star award recipient; Coca-Cola listed as Gold Sponsor | Pre-2020; single advocacy source; historical only 33 |
| Mercy Corps | Humanitarian NGO | Recipient of TCCC’s $200,000 Gaza donation (late 2023) | Confirmed 17 |
| BDS Movement | Advocacy | Coca-Cola boycott campaign; stated evidentiary basis | Published campaign materials 2855 |
| Inminds | UK campaign group | “Boycott Coca-Cola” page; Atarot / AICC citations | Advocacy-origin 33 |
| Ethical Consumer (UK) | Consumer advocacy | Coca-Cola on active boycott list | Published 56 |
| Senator Ted Cruz | US Senator | Demanded explanation of BLM website scrubbing | Confirmed 18 |
| King Abdullah II of Jordan | Head of State | Attended Sun Valley Conference (July 2024) | Confirmed 53 |
| Boycat | Consumer boycott app | Lists Coca-Cola with Israel-conflict grounds | Published 57 |
The most structurally important counter-argument across all four domains is the franchisee / franchisor distinction. CBC is a legally separate, privately held Israeli corporation. TCCC supplies concentrate and licenses its brand; it does not hold equity in CBC and does not directly manage CBC’s operations. All four domain audits applied this distinction in Proximity scoring — it is the primary reason the composite score sits in Tier D rather than higher tiers. The Tel Aviv District Court and Israeli Tax Authority findings on TCCC’s pricing influence complicate but do not dissolve this distinction: contractual pricing leverage is not equivalent to operational control.
A second cross-domain limitation is source concentration in advocacy materials. The Who Profits Research Center is the primary documentation source for CBC’s occupied-territory operations across V-MIL, V-ECON, and V-POL. Who Profits is a credible, methodologically described NGO, and its findings have not been publicly contested by TCCC or CBC. However, cross-domain claims tracing back to Who Profits as a sole source — particularly the Meshek Zuriel and Ramat Hagolan Dairies details — lack independent primary-source corroboration from corporate registry entries or government filings. The BDS Movement is a secondary source in V-MIL and V-POL; its claims are treated as corroborative at lower evidentiary weight than NGO research.
Third, temporal decay affects several significant findings. The Im Tirtzu donation is 2015. The AICC chairmanship is approximately 2014–2016. The Arab League boycott and 1997 Israeli honour are historical anchors. The Bridge programme’s post-2020 status is unconfirmed. Findings that are pre-2020 and not independently refreshed carry inherently reduced weight for assessing TCCC’s current posture — though they remain material to the historical record and structural analysis.
Fourth, the absence of denials is not confirmatory evidence. No TCCC or CBC response to the Who Profits findings, Atarot documentation, or IDF supply allegations has been publicly identified. This could reflect a considered communications strategy, a lack of awareness, or the accuracy of the underlying findings. The forensic record cannot distinguish between these possibilities.
Finally, TCCC operates in more than 200 countries and holds hundreds of franchise relationships globally. Its franchise system with CBC, while the subject of this dossier, is one of many. The BDS-1000 score and this dossier assess only the Israel-Palestine dimension; they do not represent a comprehensive assessment of TCCC’s global human rights, labour, or environmental profile.
| Entity | Category | Domain(s) | Key Claim | Verification |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC) | Corporation (US) | All | Franchisor; concentrate supplier; brand licensor for CBC | Confirmed |
| Central Bottling Company (CBC) | Corporation (Israel) | All | TCCC exclusive Israeli franchisee; dominant FMCG player; occupied-territory operations | Multi-source corroborated |
| Tara Dairy | Subsidiary (CBC) | V-MIL, V-ECON | IDF/IPS institutional dairy supply; Atarot distribution | Plausible; no primary procurement doc |
| Prigat | Subsidiary (CBC) | V-ECON | Juice production; Gat Foods ingredient supply | Corroborated |
| Tabor Winery | Subsidiary (CBC) | V-MIL, V-ECON, V-POL | Settlement-origin grape sourcing (Golan, Gush Etzion) | Partially corroborated |
| Meshek Zuriel | Subsidiary farm (CBC) | V-MIL, V-ECON | Occupied Jordan Valley dairy farm | Sourced to Who Profits only |
| Ramat Hagolan Dairies | CBC ~1/3 stake | V-MIL, V-ECON | Golan Heights settlement milk sourcing | Sourced to Who Profits only |
| National Beverage Company (NBC) | Separate TCCC franchisee | V-ECON, V-POL | Palestinian market; Gaza bottling; movement-restricted operations | Corroborated |
| David Wertheim | Individual | V-ECON, V-POL | CBC controlling shareholder (~63%); Mizrahi Tefahot Bank shareholder | Confirmed |
| Moshe Wertheim (deceased) | Individual | V-POL | CBC founder; authorised Im Tirtzu donation (2015) | Confirmed |
| Mizrahi Tefahot Bank | Bank (Israel) | V-MIL, V-POL | Wertheim-controlled; listed on UN OHCHR settlement database | UN listing confirmed |
| James Quincey | TCCC CEO | V-POL | Davos 2024 deflection; Russia/Israel asymmetry | Confirmed |
| Joel Neuman | TCCC Senior Managing Counsel | V-POL | AICC Southeast Chairman (~2014–2016) | Confirmed |
| CyberArk | Technology company (Israel/US) | V-DIG | Enterprise PAM at CCEP; identity security at CCHBC | Confirmed |
| Trax | Technology company (Israel) | V-DIG | Retail computer vision at Coca-Cola Amatil | Confirmed |
| Bringg | Technology company (Israel) | V-DIG, V-ECON, V-POL | Bridge portfolio; $10M TCCC investment (2017) | Confirmed |
| “The Bridge by Coca-Cola” | TCCC accelerator | V-DIG, V-ECON, V-POL | Israeli startup commercialisation programme (2014–~2017) | Documented; post-2020 status uncertain |
| Atarot Industrial Zone | Settlement zone | V-MIL, V-ECON, V-POL | CBC distribution centre; occupied East Jerusalem | Multi-source corroborated |
| Im Tirtzu | Israeli nationalist org | V-MIL, V-POL | Recipient of 50,000 NIS CBC donation (2015) | Confirmed by regulatory disclosure |
| AICC Southeast / Conexx | Bilateral trade advocacy | V-POL | Joel Neuman held chairmanship | Confirmed |
| Who Profits Research Center | NGO | V-MIL, V-DIG, V-ECON, V-POL | Primary CBC occupied-territory documentation | Published research database |
| Al-Haq | NGO | V-MIL, V-POL | Atarot Industrial Zone legal status documentation | Published report |
| BDS Movement | Advocacy | V-MIL, V-POL | Coca-Cola boycott campaign; IDF supply allegations | Advocacy-origin; secondary status |
| Mercy Corps | NGO | V-POL | Recipient of $200,000 TCCC Gaza humanitarian donation | Confirmed |
| UN OHCHR | Intergovernmental body | V-MIL, V-POL | Settlement business database; Mizrahi Tefahot listed | Published database |
| Domain | I | M | P | V-Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| V-MIL | 2.50 | 3.50 | 7.50 | 1.25 |
| V-DIG | 3.50 | 4.50 | 7.50 | 2.25 |
| V-ECON | 3.50 | 7.00 | 5.50 | 2.75 |
| V-POL | 4.00 | 4.50 | 5.50 | 2.02 |
| Composite BDS-1000 | 241 | |||
| Tier | D |
V-ECON produces the highest domain score (2.75), driving the composite through the weighted formula: BRS = ((V_MAX + Sum_Others × 0.2) / 16) × 1000. The three non-maximum domains contribute at 20% of their individual scores (sum: 5.52 × 0.2 = 1.10), added to V_MAX (2.75), yielding 3.85 / 16 × 1000 = 241.
The V-MIL score sits lowest because the impact criterion is bounded by the civilian-product character of the supply (no weapons, no dual-use, no defence-prime relationship), and magnitude is constrained by the absence of a primary procurement document quantifying IDF/IPS supply volume. The Proximity score is the highest in this domain (7.5) because Tara operates as a wholly-owned CBC subsidiary selling through CBC’s own institutional channel — but this cannot compensate for the low I and M inputs.
V-DIG’s score (2.25) reflects confirmed enterprise-scale Israeli-origin technology procurement and direct venture capital investment, bounded by the Customer Cap (I ≤ 3.9 for buyer-side relationships) and the absence of any defence, intelligence, or dual-use technology provision.
V-POL’s score (2.02) reflects episodic and mostly pre-2020 documented political acts, structural deflection, and a senior-counsel-level bilateral advocacy role — without sustained board-level opposition to accountability mechanisms or direct TCCC-level financing of Israeli military-welfare or political organisations.
High confidence findings (multi-source, independently corroborated):
– CBC is TCCC’s exclusive Israeli franchisee, controlling shareholder family also controls Mizrahi Tefahot Bank (UN-listed)
– CBC operates a distribution facility at the Atarot Industrial Zone in occupied East Jerusalem
– Tara Dairy is a CBC subsidiary designated in the Israeli institutional market (IDF/IPS plausible, no primary contract document)
– CCEP deploys CyberArk at enterprise-wide privileged access layer (named case study, named CISO)
– CCHBC selected CyberArk for identity security (press release)
– Coca-Cola Amatil deployed Trax for retail computer vision (case study)
– TCCC invested $10M in Bringg Series B (2017)
– TCCC suspended Russian business with moral condemnation (March 2022); no equivalent Israel-related statement identified through April 2026
– CBC Im Tirtzu donation (50,000 NIS, 2015) confirmed by Israeli regulatory disclosure and two independent news sources
– Joel Neuman (TCCC Senior Counsel) served as AICC Southeast Chairman (~2014–2016)
Moderate confidence findings (corroborated but with evidential gaps):
– Tabor Winery settlement-origin grape sourcing (Who Profits; current status unconfirmed post-2023)
– Meshek Zuriel and Ramat Hagolan Dairies occupied-territory operations (Who Profits; not independently registry-verified)
– The Bridge programme’s Israeli startup ecosystem integration (documented 2014–2017; post-2020 status unknown)
– TCCC’s pricing influence over CBC (Israeli court findings; arm’s-length legal structure complicates direct attribution)
Low confidence / open questions (single source, advocacy-origin, or unverified):
– CBC’s specific IDF unit sponsorships (“Shahar,” “Azuz”) and duration of Amez Lohem participation (advocacy-origin only)
– Gat Foods / Mehadrin supply chain link (structural inference; no confirming invoice or contract)
– “Share a Coke” Palestine/Israel filtering logic (reported widely; no independent technical audit)
– David Weinberg’s CFR / Belfer Center affiliations (unconfirmed against primary rosters)
– Wiz’s specific naming of Coca-Cola in ChaosDB disclosure (unverified; secondary sources do not confirm)
– The Bridge’s current operational status (no post-2020 press releases identified)
– CBC’s Atarot facility operational status following October 2023 escalation (not re-confirmed via 2024–2025 primary source)
Score sensitivity: The composite score of 241 would increase most materially if: (a) a primary IDF/IPS procurement document naming Tara were identified (could raise V-MIL I from 2.5 to ~3.0); (b) CCEP’s Claroty deployment were confirmed via named customer documentation (V-DIG M would increase); or (c) sustained TCCC-level direct financing of Israeli military-welfare organisations were documented (V-POL I could rise to 5.0+). The score would decrease if The Bridge were confirmed as discontinued and the Tabor/Meshek sourcing confirmed as terminated.
The following actions are calibrated to the 241 (Tier D) score, the strength of the underlying evidence, and the specific domains driving the assessment. They are presented as forensic recommendations for civil society, institutional investors, or procurement officers rather than advocacy directives.
For institutional investors and ESG-focused shareholders (V-ECON primary; V-POL secondary):
Engage TCCC’s board on supply chain transparency. The franchise agreement with CBC has never been disclosed publicly in terms that include any territorial scope or human rights due-diligence provisions. Given the Israeli Tax Authority and Tel Aviv District Court findings confirming TCCC’s pricing influence over CBC, the “arm’s-length independent franchisee” characterisation warrants scrutiny. A shareholder resolution requesting disclosure of: (a) CBC’s operational footprint in occupied territories; (b) TCCC’s franchise agreement human rights provisions; and (c) the current status of settlement-origin goods in the CBC supply chain (Tabor, Prigat, Tara) would be grounded in verified evidence and proportionate to the score. The Russia/Ukraine precedent — where TCCC demonstrated capacity for rapid franchise suspension — provides a framework for testing what conditions TCCC considers sufficient to trigger operational review.
For procurement officers and institutional buyers (V-DIG primary):
The confirmed enterprise-scale deployment of CyberArk and Trax represents a documented, operational relationship with Israeli-origin technology companies. While neither vendor’s Coca-Cola deployment involves defence-sector or military application, procurement policies that require disclosure of Israeli-origin technology vendors would be satisfied by these documented relationships. No action is required specifically for military-complicity reasons under the current evidence base, but supply chain transparency reporting should capture these relationships.
For civil society monitoring organisations (V-MIL primary):
The critical evidentiary gap for V-MIL is the absence of a primary IDF/IPS procurement document. A targeted freedom-of-information request to Israeli procurement authorities, or engagement with Israeli parliamentary oversight committees, for tender records naming CBC or Tara Dairy as institutional market suppliers would either confirm or rule out the documentary basis for the supply claim. This is the single most significant piece of missing evidence that would materially affect the V-MIL score.
For labeling compliance authorities (V-ECON secondary):
Tabor Winery’s documented settlement-origin grape sourcing — from Gush Etzion (West Bank) and the occupied Golan Heights — and the labeling of these wines as “Product of Israel” warrants review by EU customs authorities under the 2015 labeling guidelines and the 2019 ECJ ruling. No enforcement action against Tabor Winery by any EU member state customs authority has been identified in publicly available records; this represents a potential regulatory gap.
For all users of this dossier:
This dossier should be updated when: (a) the current operational status of the Atarot facility post-October 2023 is confirmed via a primary source; (b) The Bridge programme’s current status is confirmed; (c) CBC publishes any accessible financial statement allowing V-ECON Magnitude to be anchored on disclosed revenue data; or (d) a primary IDF/IPS procurement document referencing Tara Dairy is identified or definitively ruled out.
Brussels Morning — Coca-Cola and Israel relationship overview — https://brusselsmorning.com/does-coca-cola-support-israel-what-you-need-to-know-about-it/71604/ ↩↩↩
Just Food — CBC acquires Tara Dairy cooperative — https://www.just-food.com/news/israel-coca-cola-israel-to-buy-tara-dairy-cooperative/ ↩↩↩
Who Profits Research Center — CBC company profile — https://www.whoprofits.org/companies/company/4081 ↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩
Marketing Dive — The Bridge commercialisation programme launch — https://www.marketingdive.com/news/coke-forges-ahead-with-startup-ambitions-via-bridge-commercialization-progr/446124/ ↩↩↩
Global Atlanta — AICC names new leaders — https://www.globalatlanta.com/american-israel-chamber-names-new-leaders/ ↩↩↩↩
Coca-Cola Company — Rumors and misinformation FAQ — https://www.coca-colacompany.com/about-us/faq/rumors-and-misinformation ↩↩↩
i24NEWS — PA restricts products from five Israeli food companies — https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/israel/diplomacy-defense/107141-160323-pa-bans-products-from-five-israeli-food-companies ↩↩↩↩↩
The New Arab — CBC donation to Im Tirtzu — https://www.newarab.com/features/coca-cola-donated-thousands-dollars-extremist-zionist-group ↩
Supply Chain Dive — Bringg Coca-Cola investment — https://www.supplychaindive.com/news/bringg-startup-logistics-demand-delivery-app-coke/437971/ ↩↩↩↩↩
PRWeb — The Bridge programme expansion — https://www.prweb.com/releases/the_coca_cola_company_commercialization_program_welcomes_new_corporate_partners_and_doubles_the_number_of_participating_startups/prweb14318458.htm ↩↩↩
UN OHCHR — Business and human rights settlement database — https://www.ohchr.org/en/business/bhr-database ↩↩↩↩
CyberArk — CCEP case study — https://www.cyberark.com/cs/coca-cola-europacific-partners-steps-closer-to-becoming-the-world-s-most-digitized-bottling-operation.pdf ↩↩↩↩
UpGuard — Microsoft Cosmos DB flaw reporting — https://www.upguard.com/news/microsoft-azure-flaw-cloud-customers-data-vulnerable ↩↩
CyberArk — CCHBC press release — https://www.cyberark.com/press/coca-cola-hellenic-bottling-company-selects-cyberark-for-identity-security/ ↩↩↩↩
Coca-Cola investor relations — Russia business suspension press release — https://investors.coca-colacompany.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/1050/the-coca-cola-company-suspends-its-business-in-russia ↩↩
Nutritional Outlook — Brevel and CBC partnership — https://www.nutritionaloutlook.com/view/brevel-and-the-central-bottling-company-form-partnership-to-develop-algae-derived-functional-beverages-and-dairy-alternatives ↩↩↩
Mercy Corps — Coca-Cola Gaza humanitarian contribution — https://www.mercycorps.org/press-room/releases/coca-cola-company-contributes-200000-mercy-corps-humanitarian-effort-gaza ↩↩↩
US Senate Commerce Committee — Cruz/BLM scrubbing demand — https://www.commerce.senate.gov/2023/11/icymi-from-the-daily-mail-sen-ted-cruz-demands-coca-cola-explain-why-it-scrubbed-all-support-for-black-lives-matter-from-its-website ↩↩↩
TBS News — Why people are boycotting Coca-Cola — https://www.tbsnews.net/features/panorama/why-are-people-so-mad-coca-cola-878046 ↩↩↩
Al Jazeera — Coca-Cola Bangladesh ad backlash — https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/12/coca-cola-ad-in-bangladesh-sparks-backlash-for-denying-ties-with-israel ↩↩
Arnon Tadmor-Levy — CBC withholding tax ruling — https://arnontl.com/news/bottlers-payments-to-coca-cola-subject-to-wht-israeli-court-says/ ↩↩↩
Brighton and Hove News — Brighton councillor boycotts Pride over Coca-Cola — https://www.brightonandhovenews.org/2024/08/04/brighton-councillor-boycotts-main-pride-parade-over-sponsors-israel-links/ ↩
Times of Israel — Coca-Cola West Bank sales decline — https://www.timesofisrael.com/coca-colas-appeal-in-west-bank-fizzles-as-war-boosts-demand-for-local-look-alike/ ↩
PAX for Peace — Don’t Buy Into Occupation 2025 — https://paxforpeace.nl/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/11/DontBuyIntoOccupationV2025.pdf ↩↩
TCCC SEC filings — Annual reports (10-K) — https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0000021344&type=10-K ↩↩↩↩
Globes — David Wertheim CBC management — https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-david-wertheim-to-shake-up-coca-cola-israel-management-1001111111 ↩↩↩↩↩
Coca-Cola Company — National Beverage Company franchise page — https://www.coca-colacompany.com/about-us/coca-cola-system/national-beverage-company ↩↩↩
BDS Movement — Coca-Cola IDF supply campaign — https://bdsmovement.net/news/coca-cola-quenching-israel%E2%80%99s-genocidal-soldiers%E2%80%99-thirst ↩↩↩↩↩↩
USDA FAS GAIN — Israeli food processing sector 2006 — https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/Report/DownloadReportByFileName?fileName=Israeli+Food+Processing+Sector_Tel+Aviv_Israel_03-01-2006.pdf ↩↩
Institute for Palestine Studies — Atarot analysis — https://www.palestine-studies.org/en/node/1649529 ↩↩↩↩↩
Al-Haq — Atarot settlement zone report (June 2020) — https://www.alhaq.org/cached_uploads/download/2020/06/02/atarot-settlement-interactive-1591084307.pdf ↩↩↩↩↩
Who Profits — Israeli dairy industry report — https://www.whoprofits.org/publications/report/33 ↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩↩
Inminds — Boycott Coca-Cola campaign page — https://www.inminds.com/boycott-coca-cola.html ↩↩↩↩
Israel Gives — AWIS registry entry — http://www.israelgives.org/amuta/580004307 ↩↩
ResearchGate — Coca-Cola Amatil Trax case study — https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350994328_Coca-Cola_Amatil_Trax_Retail_Execution ↩↩↩
PitchBook — The Bridge by Coca-Cola investor profile — https://pitchbook.com/profiles/investor/113589-37 ↩↩↩
Calcalist — Mind the Tech London 2019 startups — https://newmedia.calcalist.co.il/startups-london-2019/index.html ↩↩↩
Check Point / Wiz partnership — https://www.checkpoint.com/press-releases/check-point-software-technologies-and-wiz-enter-strategic-partnership-to-deliver-end-to-end-cloud-security/ ↩
Claroty — Technology alliances partners page — https://claroty.com/partners/technology-alliances ↩
Globes — CBC antitrust fine NIS 62.7M — https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-coca-cola-israel-handed-nis-627m-antitrust-fine-1001182255 ↩↩
Times of Israel — CBC antitrust fine NIS 39M — https://www.timesofisrael.com/coca-cola-israel-fined-nis-39-million-for-monopolies-violations/ ↩↩
Herzog Fox & Neeman — Israeli Coca-Cola arm’s length ruling — https://herzoglaw.co.il/en/news-and-insights/israeli-coca-cola-ruling-expands-the-arms-length-principle/ ↩↩
Gat Foods — RTD product solutions — https://gatfoods.com/rtds/ ↩
Mehadrin — Agricultural operations — https://mehadrin.co.il/ ↩
SA Jewish Report — Clover/CBC transaction — https://www.sajr.co.za/clover-s-african-footprint-an-elixir-for-israel-s-central-bottling/ ↩
CBS News — Coca-Cola and PepsiCo Russia suspension — https://www.cbsnews.com/news/coca-cola-pepsico-russia-business-ukraine/ ↩
Coca-Cola Pakistan FAQ — 80% profits to Israel denial — https://www.coca-cola.com/pk/en/about-us/faq/is-it-true-that-you-donate-80-of-the-money-you-earn-to-israel-why-are-you-helping-them-with-our-money ↩↩
YouTube — Share a Coke Palestine filtering video — https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPvIjOfN3mA ↩
Global Atlanta — AICC Southeast new officers — https://www.globalatlanta.com/israeli-chamber-names-new-officers/ ↩↩↩
The Forward — CBC donation to Im Tirtzu — https://forward.com/fast-forward/371176/coca-cola-donates-to-fascist-israeli-group/ ↩↩↩
Coca-Cola Company — Board of Directors page — https://www.coca-colacompany.com/about-us/board-of-directors ↩
Coca-Cola investor relations — Weinberg board election press release — https://investors.coca-colacompany.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/724/marc-bolland-and-david-weinberg-elected-to-the-coca-cola-company-board-of-directors ↩
Wikipedia — Allen & Company Sun Valley Conference — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_%26_Company_Sun_Valley_Conference ↩↩
Wikipedia — Im Tirtzu — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Im_Tirtzu ↩
BDS Movement — Boycott Coca-Cola action page — https://bdsmovement.net/act/actions/boycott-coca-cola ↩
Ethical Consumer — Active boycotts list — https://www.ethicalconsumer.org/ethicalcampaigns/boycotts ↩
Boycat — Boycott Coca-Cola post — https://blog.boycat.io/posts/boycott-coca-cola-israel-gaza-palestine ↩
TBS News — Coca-Cola Israel ties feature — https://www.tbsnews.net/features/panorama/yes-coke-has-gaza-factory-its-israel-ties-run-much-deeper-874451 ↩
Global Atlanta — The Bridge Israeli entrepreneurs programme — https://www.globalatlanta.com/coca-cola-to-bridge-10-israeli-entrepreneurs-with-global-markets/ ↩
DC Velocity — Bringg Coca-Cola investment — https://www.dcvelocity.com/articles/28689-bringg-lands-10-million-investment-from-coca-cola-and-partners ↩
Jerusalem Post — Wertheims acquire majority Mizrahi Bank stake — https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/wertheims-take-over-majority-of-mizrahi-bank-610645 ↩
Human Rights Watch — Bankrolling Abuse: Israeli banks in West Bank settlements — https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/05/29/bankrolling-abuse/israeli-banks-west-bank-settlements ↩
AFSC Investigate — Mizrahi Tefahot Bank profile — https://investigate.afsc.org/company/mizrahi-tefahot-bank ↩
i24NEWS — CBC Im Tirtzu donation disclosure — https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/israel/society/144633-170507-coca-cola-donated-to-right-wing-group-im-tirzu ↩
CCEP — 2024 Sustainability Country Data — https://www.cocacolaep.com/assets/Download-centre/2024-CCEP-Sustainability-Country-data.pdf ↩
Coca-Cola Company — Human Rights Policy — https://www.coca-colacompany.com/policies-and-practices/human-rights-policy ↩
Al Arabiya — Palestinian Coca-Cola bottler NBC feature — https://english.alarabiya.net/business/retail/2015/02/27/Palestinian-Coke-bottler-boasts-of-success-despite-the-daily-struggles ↩
Wiz — About page (Unit 8200 co-founders) — https://www.wiz.io/about ↩
Guardian — Gaza Cola launch — https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/jan/08/gaza-cola-launched-by-palestinian-activist-to-rebuild-destroyed-hospital ↩
Forbes — David Wertheim profile — https://www.forbes.com/profile/david-wertheim/ ↩
