INDEX / DIRECTORY / LEXUS

Lexus

Part of Toyota D
Car Manufacturers 59 CITED SOURCES UPDATED 2026-07-04
BDS-1000 Score 379 /1000 D Tier D - Moderate
Military ↗ 3.37 Digital ↗ 0.75 Economic ↗ 4.78 Political ↗ 2.27

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06-main-dossier.md

Key Findings

  • Economic: Lexus is sold in Israel exclusively through Lex Motors Ltd, an Israeli-owned importer that delivered 2,537 vehicles in 2025 (Israel’s fourth-largest premium marque), with wholesale proceeds flowing from Israel through Toyota Motor Europe in Belgium to Toyota Motor Corporation in Japan.12
  • Political: Toyota Motor Corporation publicly suspended Russian manufacturing and vehicle imports and closed Ukraine operations - explicitly covering Lexus dealerships - in 2022, but neither Toyota nor the Lexus brand has issued any statement on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since October 2023.345
  • Digital: Toyota has nominated an Israeli-designed Mobileye EyeQ4 chip, integrated by ZF, for its shared driver-assistance stack across “multiple vehicle platforms,” and Lexus separately failed all of the Mozilla Foundation’s minimum privacy standards for collecting biometric facial-geometry and driving-behaviour data - though confirmation that the Mobileye chip specifically ships in production Lexus models has not been publicly identified.67
  • Not found: No public evidence identified of any Lexus-brand defence contract or armoured-vehicle procurement by Israeli forces; the military-vehicle ties documented in the wider Toyota group - Hilux sales to a West Bank settlement council, Camry sedans as IDF high-command cars, the Toyota-based “David” armoured personnel carrier - attach to Toyota’s separate Union Motors distributorship and to Toyota Motor Corporation itself, not to Lexus or its Lex Motors distributor.8910

Target Profile

FieldDetail
Company NameLexus - luxury vehicle marque of Toyota Motor Corporation; not a separately incorporated company.11
JurisdictionNo public evidence identified of a distinct Lexus corporate jurisdiction; Lexus operates as a brand/division of Toyota Motor Corporation, incorporated in Japan.11
HeadquartersLexus International, Nagoya, Japan; ultimate parent Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan.1213
SectorAutomotive - luxury passenger cars and SUVs (petrol, hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and electric), manufactured in Japan, Canada, and the United States.14
OwnershipWholly owned brand/division of Toyota Motor Corporation; no independent stock listing. Israeli market operations are conducted by Lex Motors Ltd, a privately held Israeli company (part of Union Group), acting as third-party franchise importer.1516
Key Executives / GovernanceLexus International President Takashi Watanabe (appointed April 2023); Lexus USA President Andrew Gilleland. No public evidence identified of either executive, or any other named Lexus figure, making statements or taking actions related to Israel or Palestine.1217
Israeli-Nexus SummaryDocumented nexus is economic-only, via the exclusive Israeli importer Lex Motors Ltd; no confirmed military, dedicated brand-level digital, or political nexus has been identified for the Lexus marque itself.

Key Facts:

Executive Summary

Lexus is not an independently incorporated company but a luxury marque of Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC), operated globally through Lexus International (Nagoya, Japan) with no separate legal personality.11 This distinction is material to the Israel/Palestine nexus: the most serious documented ties between the Toyota group and Israeli military/security activity - Toyota Hilux 4×4 vehicles supplied by Union Motors under a 2021 tender to the Mateh Binyamin settlement Regional Council, Toyota Camry sedans used as IDF high-command executive cars (2006–2010), and the Toyota Hilux/Land Cruiser chassis underlying the MDT “David” armoured personnel carrier fielded by the IDF - are all attributed by Who Profits and AFSC Investigate to Toyota Motor Corporation and to Union Motors, a separate Toyota-brand distributor within the same Israeli Union Group conglomerate that also owns Lex Motors.8910 No equivalent record attaches any of this conduct to the Lexus brand or to Lex Motors.

The strongest documented vector for Lexus itself is economic. Lex Motors Ltd has been the sole Israeli importer of Lexus vehicles since 2006, operating showrooms and service points inside Israel’s internationally recognised pre-1967 territory (Petah Tikva, with additional coverage reported in Herzliya, Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Jerusalem).1519 In 2025 it delivered 2,537 vehicles, generating an estimated retail turnover in excess of NIS 760 million, with wholesale payments flowing from Lex Motors in Israel to Toyota Motor Europe in Belgium and onward to Toyota Motor Corporation in Japan.12 This is a standard arms-length commercial franchise relationship rather than a direct capital investment: no public evidence identifies TMC or Lexus as an equity investor in Israeli infrastructure, and Israeli purchase tax and VAT on Lexus sales are paid by Lex Motors as the importing entity.1

On the political dimension, the record shows an observable asymmetry rather than affirmative misconduct. Toyota Motor Corporation issued a public corporate statement in March 2022 suspending Russian manufacturing and vehicle imports and halting Ukraine operations - explicitly covering both Toyota and Lexus dealerships (approximately 37 combined) - and by September 2022 had permanently ended Russian manufacturing.34 No comparable statement, operational pause, or expression of concern has been issued by Toyota or by the Lexus brand regarding the conflict in Gaza since October 2023, despite searches of Lexus’s global, US, and European newsrooms.52122 Lex Motors’ own retail footprint remains confined to sovereign Israeli territory; Petah Tikva is not a West Bank settlement, and no evidence was identified of Lexus operations in the West Bank or Gaza.23

What is not supported by the evidence is any confirmed military or digital-specific nexus at the Lexus-brand level. No defence contract, government procurement record, or armoured-vehicle acquisition by Israeli forces involving a Lexus-branded vehicle has been identified - despite third-party manufacturers (INKAS, SchutzCarr) offering commercial ballistic conversions of the Lexus LX 600 for the global VIP-protection market.2425 On the digital side, Toyota’s ADAS supply relationship with the Israeli firm Mobileye is confirmed at the Toyota-group level but has not been publicly confirmed as deployed in specific production Lexus models, and several other Israeli-tech investments (UVeye, Foretellix, Cartica AI, Intuition Robotics) are Toyota Tsusho/Woven Capital/Toyota AI Ventures activities that do not carry the Lexus brand identity.6262728

Taken together, this evidentiary record - a real but arms-length economic distribution relationship, a documented but non-Israel-specific political-silence pattern, and an absence of confirmed military or brand-level digital ties - produces the BDS-1000 Final V4 score of BRS 379, Tier D (Moderate), driven principally by the Economic domain.

Timeline of Relevant Events

DateEvent
2006Lex Motors Ltd established in Petah Tikva as the exclusive Israeli importer/distributor of Lexus vehicles.1518
2017Intel acquires Mobileye, the Jerusalem-headquartered ADAS/vision-chip company later nominated for Toyota’s shared driver-assistance stack.29
2018Lex Motors’ ~750 sqm Petah Tikva showroom is completed.19
June 2019Toyota Tsusho Corporation makes an initial investment in Israeli vehicle-inspection AI startup UVeye and obtains commercial distribution rights (Toyota-group, out of Lexus scope).30
September 2021Union Motors (Toyota’s Israeli distributor, separate from Lex Motors) is awarded a tender to supply Toyota Hilux 4×4 vehicles to the Mateh Binyamin settlement Regional Council (Toyota-brand, out of Lexus scope).8
May 2021Toyota Motor Corporation selects the joint ZF–Mobileye ADAS technology stack (Mobileye EyeQ4 SoC) for “multiple vehicle platforms” across the Toyota/Lexus lineup.6
2 March 2022Toyota Motor Corporation publicly suspends manufacturing and vehicle imports in/to Russia and halts Ukraine operations, a statement explicitly covering Toyota and Lexus dealerships.3
September 2022Toyota confirms the permanent end of vehicle manufacturing in Russia.4
2022Mobileye, acquired by Intel in 2017, re-lists on Nasdaq.29
May 2023Toyota’s Woven Capital and Nvidia co-invest in a $43 million Series C round for Israeli AV-verification startup Foretellix (Toyota-group, out of Lexus scope).31
2023Mozilla Foundation’s Privacy Not Included project rates Lexus as failing all minimum automotive privacy/security standards.7
November 2013–April 2023Cloud misconfiguration (disclosed 2023) exposes vehicle-location and connected-service data for ~2.15 million Toyota T-Connect/Lexus G-Link users in Japan; a separate misconfiguration exposes navigation data for ~260,000 more.32
2024Toyota’s Woven Capital leads a $191 million Series C round for Israeli inspection-AI firm UVeye (Toyota-group, out of Lexus scope).33
2024–2025War-related disruption (Eilat Port shutdown, Operation “Rising Lion”) suppresses Israeli new-vehicle imports, with new private-car imports falling 35.5% in June 2025.34
January 2025Lexus records 320 vehicle deliveries in Israel, up 19% year-on-year.35
September 2025OHCHR updates its database of businesses linked to Israeli settlements; neither Lexus nor Lex Motors appears in the listing.36
2025Lexus RZ electric SUV launches in Israel (NIS 300,000–440,000); Lex Motors delivers 2,537 vehicles for the year, Lexus’s fourth-place premium-segment ranking in Israel.1
2026Lexus reported as the first luxury brand to cease selling pure-petrol models in Israel, moving the full lineup to hybrid/PHEV/EV.1
28 February 2026UK export-control licensing data for Israel published; no Lexus-related automotive licence entry is identifiable.37

Corporate Overview

Lexus has no independent legal personality; it is a wholly owned luxury-vehicle division of Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC), a Japanese public company headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture.1113 The brand is led globally by Lexus International in Nagoya.12

The Israeli market is served through a three-tier franchise chain: Toyota Motor Corporation (Japan) → Toyota Motor Europe NV/SA (Brussels, a wholly owned TMC subsidiary managing Toyota/Lexus wholesale distribution, brand standards, and marketing for the Eastern Europe/Western Asia region, including Israel) → Lex Motors Ltd (Petah Tikva, Israel, a fully Israeli-owned third-party distributor).215 Lex Motors holds no equity in TMC or TME, and neither TMC nor TME holds equity in Lex Motors or its parent, Union Group.1516

Union Group also owns Union Motors, a separate importer that distributes Toyota- and Hino-branded vehicles in Israel - including the Hilux vehicles supplied to Israeli security forces and the Mateh Binyamin settlement council documented by Who Profits.816 Lex Motors and Union Motors are sister companies under the same conglomerate but are distinct corporate entities with distinct brand mandates; the Toyota-brand conduct documented against Union Motors does not extend to Lex Motors or the Lexus marque. Lex Motors’ retail network includes locations in Petah Tikva and Herzliya, with dealer coverage additionally reported in Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Jerusalem - all within Israel’s internationally recognised pre-1967 territory.1938

Domain Summaries

Military: Military

Mechanism of Involvement

No public evidence identified of the Lexus brand or Lex Motors entering any defence contract, government procurement agreement, or military/security-forces supply arrangement with Israel.1518 Third-party armour specialists (INKAS Armored, Alpine Armoring, SchutzCarr) sell ballistic conversions of the Lexus LX 600 to CEN BR6/BR7 standards on the open commercial market for VIP and diplomatic use, but no evidence identifies any such vehicle acquired by the IDF, Israeli Border Police, or Israeli National Police.2425 The military-adjacent conduct documented within the wider Toyota group - Union Motors’ 2021 Hilux tender to the Mateh Binyamin settlement council, Toyota Camry sedans as IDF high-command cars (2006–2010), and the Toyota Hilux/Land Cruiser chassis underlying the IDF’s “David” APC (~350 units, ~USD $53.4 million, funded via US Foreign Military Sales 2018–2023) - is attributed to Toyota Motor Corporation and Union Motors, not to Lexus.893940

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

Lexus does not manufacture heavy machinery or construction equipment and is absent from OHCHR’s September 2025 database update on businesses linked to Israeli settlement activity.36 Neither the Who Profits nor AFSC Investigate databases name Lexus or Lex Motors as an entity of concern; both list Lexus only as a Toyota sub-brand with no independent finding.8910 Israeli police armoured-vehicle acquisitions reported in 2024 reference Ford and Toyota platforms with no mention of Lexus.41 UK export-control licensing data through February 2026 shows no automotive Lexus-Israel entry.37 A consumer BDS-assessment site (Masjid Al-Aqsa) independently rates Lexus “boycott safe,” citing an absence of verified Israel ties, though it provides limited underlying sourcing.42

Named Entities and Evidence Map

Lex Motors Ltd (Lexus importer - no military ties found); Union Motors (separate Toyota-brand distributor - Hilux to Mateh Binyamin settlement council, IDF Camry command cars; out of Lexus scope);89 MDT Armor “David” APC (Toyota Hilux/Land Cruiser-based; out of Lexus scope);3940 INKAS Armored / SchutzCarr (commercial armoured Lexus LX 600 conversions; no confirmed Israeli-forces acquisition).2425

Digital: Digital

Mechanism of Involvement

Toyota Motor Corporation selected the joint ZF–Mobileye ADAS stack (Mobileye EyeQ4 vision SoC, ZF Gen21 radar, ZF as integrator) for “multiple vehicle platforms” in May 2021; Mobileye is an Israeli company founded in Jerusalem in 1999 and still Jerusalem-headquartered.64344 Because Lexus Safety System+ (LSS+) is a shared Toyota-group ADAS suite, there is a credible but publicly unconfirmed basis for Lexus vehicles falling within scope of this deployment. Separately, Lexus’s own connected-car offerings (Lexus G-Link in Japan, Lexus Drive Connect in North America) run on the Toyota Connected data platform, which uses Microsoft Azure as primary cloud and AWS for its global Mobility Services Platform - neither of which operates an Israeli cloud region.454647 The Mozilla Foundation’s Privacy Not Included review found Lexus collects driving-behaviour data, cabin/exterior camera imagery, and biometric facial-geometry data via its connected app, and that Lexus’s own privacy notice permits selling personal information to third parties for targeted advertising.748

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

No public sourcing confirms which specific Lexus model lines carry the ZF–Mobileye stack in production, or when. The 2023 breach exposing ~2.15 million T-Connect/Lexus G-Link users’ data was attributed by Toyota to operator error, with no identified connection to Israeli actors or infrastructure.32 Toyota-group investments in Israeli AI/tech startups - UVeye (vehicle-inspection AI, including a security product line for border/embassy/airport screening), Foretellix (AV verification), Cartica AI (computer-vision perception), and Intuition Robotics (AI companion device) - are made through Toyota Tsusho, Woven Capital, and Toyota AI Ventures at the parent-group level, with no confirmed deployment of any of these technologies in Lexus production vehicles and no public evidence of a Lexus-brand Israeli R&D presence.26272849 No evidence was found of Lexus or Toyota holding direct technology contracts with the Israeli Ministry of Defence, Israeli military intelligence, or Unit 8200-affiliated entities.

Named Entities and Evidence Map

Mobileye (Israeli EyeQ4 chip supplier, Toyota-group ADAS nomination - Lexus-specific deployment unconfirmed);64344 ZF (German integrator of the Mobileye stack);43 Toyota Connected (Azure/AWS-based data platform serving Lexus connected services, no Israeli cloud infrastructure);454647 Mozilla Foundation (independent privacy-failure rating of Lexus);7 UVeye / Foretellix / Cartica AI / Intuition Robotics (Israeli startups with Toyota-group, not Lexus-brand, investment ties).26272849

Economic: Economic

Mechanism of Involvement

Lex Motors Ltd has held the exclusive Israeli Lexus import/distribution franchise since 2006, sourcing all stock from Toyota’s international export supply chain via Toyota Motor Europe rather than any in-country production.14152 All Lexus models sold in Israel are manufactured in Japan, Canada, or the US and imported as finished goods subject to Israeli customs duty, purchase tax, and 17% VAT.1450 Lex Motors operates showrooms in Petah Tikva and Herzliya, with dealer coverage in Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Jerusalem, employing an estimated 201–500 people.193820 In 2025 it delivered 2,537 vehicles (fourth in Israel’s premium segment), against a cumulative ~24,000 Lexus vehicles sold since 2006, generating an estimated retail turnover above NIS 760 million; wholesale payments flow from Lex Motors to Toyota Motor Europe (Belgium) and onward to Toyota Motor Corporation (Japan).1

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

No public evidence identified of TMC or Lexus holding direct capital investment, equity stakes, or sovereign-bond exposure in Israel; all showroom and service-facility investment is made by Lex Motors itself as the independent Israeli franchisee.15 No Lexus supply-chain sourcing from Israel or the Occupied Palestinian Territories was identified, and no Lexus operations (showrooms, service centres, or sales) exist in the West Bank or Gaza. War-related disruption - including the 2024 Eilat Port shutdown and a 35.5% June 2025 drop in new private-car imports during Operation “Rising Lion” - suppressed rather than benefited Lexus’s Israeli sales volumes.34 No profit-sharing, royalty flow, or financial contribution by Lexus or TMC directed toward Israeli government, settlement, or occupation-related entities was identified; the relationship is a standard arms-length commercial franchise, and Israeli tax revenue (VAT/purchase tax) is paid by Lex Motors as importer, not by Lexus/TMC directly.

Named Entities and Evidence Map

Lex Motors Ltd (exclusive Israeli importer, Petah Tikva);1518 Toyota Motor Europe NV/SA (Brussels wholesale layer);2 Toyota Motor Corporation (Japan, ultimate parent);11 Union Group / Union Motors (parent conglomerate and separate Toyota-brand sister entity - out of Lexus scope for the Hilux/settlement findings).816

Political: Political

Mechanism of Involvement

No public evidence identified of the Lexus brand - its global, US, or European newsrooms, or any named Lexus executive - issuing any statement on the October 2023 Hamas attack, the subsequent Israeli military campaign in Gaza, or the Israeli-Palestinian conflict generally.52122 Lex Motors’ retail presence is confined to sovereign Israeli territory (Petah Tikva is not a West Bank settlement), and no Lexus dealership, showroom, or service point has been identified in the West Bank or Gaza.23 In 2025 Lexus was Israel’s fourth-largest premium marque and is reported as the first luxury brand to cease selling pure-petrol models in the Israeli market.1

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

A documented neutrality asymmetry exists at the Toyota-group level: Toyota issued a public statement in March 2022 suspending Russian manufacturing/imports and halting Ukraine operations, explicitly naming Lexus dealerships (~37 combined) among those affected, and by September 2022 had permanently ended Russian manufacturing - with no comparable statement or operational response to the conflict in Gaza.34 This asymmetry is noted factually as an observable pattern, not evidence of an affirmative Gaza-specific act; the absence of any statement either way is itself the finding. Toyota-group technology partnerships with Israeli firms - Woven Capital’s investment in AV-testing startup Foretellix (May 2023), Hino Motors’ partnership with EV startup REE Automotive (December 2024), and Toyota Tsusho’s partnership with quantum-computing firm Quantum Machines - are Toyota Motor Corporation group-level acts that do not carry the Lexus brand identity.515253 No evidence of Lexus brand lobbying, PAC contributions, or executive advocacy on Israel-Palestine matters was found. A third-party consumer BDS-assessment site (Masjid Al-Aqsa) independently rates Lexus “boycott safe.”42

Named Entities and Evidence Map

Takashi Watanabe (Lexus International President - no documented Israel/Palestine-related acts);12 Andrew Gilleland (Lexus USA President - no documented Israel/Palestine-related acts);17 Toyota Motor Corporation (parent - Ukraine/Russia public response, no Gaza equivalent);34 Lex Motors Ltd (Israeli distributor, sovereign-territory operations only).1523

BDS-1000 Score (V4)

DomainIMPV-Domain Score
Military6.005.005.503.37
Digital3.503.003.500.75
Economic6.506.006.004.78
Political5.504.504.502.27

V_MAX is set by Economic, reflecting Lex Motors’ confirmed, ongoing, exclusive-franchise commercial presence in the Israeli market - the only domain where the audits establish a direct, current, well-evidenced operational relationship. Military and Political contribute secondary weight via Sum_OTHERS, largely on the strength of parent-group (Toyota/Union Motors) context and the documented political-silence asymmetry rather than brand-level Lexus conduct; Digital remains the lowest-scoring domain given the unconfirmed status of Lexus-specific technology deployment. The resulting BRS of 379 places Lexus in Tier D (Moderate) under the scale-free Impact × magnitude/proximity methodology, evidence-only and human-vetted.

Methodology Note

End Notes

Note: I do not have file-write access in this session, so I’ve delivered the complete 06-main-dossier.md content above in full Markdown. If you’d like, I can render it as a shareable Artifact instead - just say the word.

Footnotes

  1. https://www.jpost.com/consumerism/article-891981 ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8 ↩9

  2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Motor_Europe ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  3. https://newsroom.toyota.eu/toyota-statement-on-russian-local-manufacturing-and-vehicle-imports/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  4. https://markets.financialcontent.com/observernewsonline/article/jcnnewswire-2022-9-24-toyota-to-end-vehicle-manufacturing-in-russia ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  5. https://pressroom.lexus.com/corporate/latest-news/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  6. https://www.mobileye.com/news/zf-mobileye-safety-technology-toyota/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  7. https://www.mozillafoundation.org/en/privacynotincluded/lexus/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  8. https://www.whoprofits.org/companies/company/4189 ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8

  9. https://www.whoprofits.org/companies/company/4175 ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  10. https://investigate.info/company/toyota ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  11. https://www.longolexus.com/blogs/3079/car-tips/are-lexus-and-toyota-the-same-company/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  12. https://www.autoevolution.com/news/lexus-pickup-truck-possible-says-lexus-international-president-takashi-watanabe-221393.html ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  13. https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/lexus/index.html ↩ ↩2

  14. https://www.cerritoslexus.com/model-showroom/where-is-lexus-made/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  15. https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-profiles.lex_motors_ltd.html ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8 ↩9 ↩10 ↩11

  16. https://www.linkedin.com/company/uniongroupautomotive ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  17. https://pressroom.lexus.com/biographies/andrew-gilleland/ ↩ ↩2

  18. https://il.linkedin.com/company/lexus-israel-lex-motors ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  19. https://www.ar-arch.com/projects/showrooms/lexus-petach-tikva/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  20. https://theorg.com/org/lexus-israel-lex-motors ↩ ↩2

  21. https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/lexus/ ↩ ↩2

  22. https://newsroom.lexus.eu/en/ ↩ ↩2

  23. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  24. https://inkasarmored.com/armored-lexus-lx-600-700h/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  25. https://schutzcarr.com/armored-vehicles/armored-luxury-2/luxury-lexus-lx600-br9/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  26. https://finder.startupnationcentral.org/company_page/uveye ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  27. https://www.foretellix.com/foretellix-raises-43-million-in-series-c-first-closing/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  28. https://medium.com/toyota-ventures/autonomous-ai-for-autonomous-vehicles-welcome-cartica-ai-to-the-toyota-ai-ventures-portfolio-e046424f2981 ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  29. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobileye ↩ ↩2

  30. https://www.toyota-tsusho.com/english/press/detail/190619_004400.html ↩

  31. https://techcrunch.com/2023/05/02/woven-capital-nvidia-back-foretellixs-autonomous-vehicle-validation-tech/ ↩

  32. https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/corporate/39241625.html ↩ ↩2

  33. https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-ai-startup-that-scans-amazon-vehicles-raises-191-million-led-by-toyota-fund/ ↩

  34. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/world/israel-sees-sharp-drop-in-car-imports-in-june-2025 ↩ ↩2

  35. https://www.ynetnews.com/business/article/rke4vpbykg ↩

  36. https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/09/un-human-rights-office-updates-database-businesses-involved-israeli ↩ ↩2

  37. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/export-control-licensing-management-information-for-israel/israel-export-control-licensing-data-28-february-2026 ↩ ↩2

  38. https://mapcarta.com/N1628538160 ↩ ↩2

  39. https://shladot.com/products/armored-vehicles/david/ ↩ ↩2

  40. https://www.armyrecognition.com/archives/archives-land-defense/land-defense-2023/israel-receives-initial-shipment-of-david-4x4-light-armored-vehicles-from-us ↩ ↩2

  41. https://armyrecognition.com/news/army-news/army-news-2024/israeli-police-enhance-security-with-acquisition-of-armored-vehicles ↩

  42. https://masjidalaqsa.com/boycott-safe/lexus-israel-bds ↩ ↩2

  43. https://press.zf.com/press/en/releases/release_26752.html ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  44. https://www.mobileye.com/about/ ↩ ↩2

  45. https://pressroom.toyota.com/toyota-software-mobility-connected/ ↩ ↩2

  46. https://news.microsoft.com/transform/toyota-and-microsoft-connect-drivers-to-the-future/ ↩ ↩2

  47. https://pressroom.toyota.com/toyota-and-amazon-web-services-collaborate-on-toyotas-mobility-services-platform/ ↩ ↩2

  48. https://www.lexus.com/content/dam/lexus/documents/microsites/privacytvs/Lexus_Connected_Services_Privacy_Notice.pdf ↩

  49. https://woven.vc/insights/following-a-successful-commercial-launch-intuition-robotics-raises-usd25m-in ↩ ↩2

  50. https://www.freightamigo.com/en/blog/logistics/understanding-import-taxes-and-duties-a-comprehensive-guide-for-shipping-to-israel/ ↩

  51. https://www.timesofisrael.com/toyota-nvidia-invest-in-israeli-developer-of-testing-tech-for-autonomous-vehicles/ ↩

  52. https://www.jns.org/toyota-affiliate-teams-up-with-israeli-startup-to-create-electric-commercial-vehicles/ ↩

  53. https://www.timesofisrael.com/toyota-partners-with-israels-quantum-machines-for-quantum-computing-solutions/ ↩