INDEX / DIRECTORY / ZARA

Zara

Fashion & Apparel 95 CITED SOURCES UPDATED 2026-07-04
BDS-1000 Score 203 /1000 D Tier D - Moderate
Military ↗ 0.00 Digital ↗ 0.20 Economic ↗ 2.93 Political ↗ 1.38

OpenIntel is reader-funded - no sponsors, no institutional money. Support OpenIntel →

BDS-1000 Dossier: Zara (Inditex, S.A.)

Compiled: 2026-07-05 Domains audited: Military (Military), Digital (Digital), Economic (Economic), Political (Political) Method: Evidence-only compilation from four independent live-search domain audits; scores are final and human-vetted (V4)

Key Findings

  • Economic - Israeli franchise operations continued and expanded during the Gaza war: Zara’s Israeli stores are run not by Inditex directly but by an independent local franchisee, Trimera Brands/Gottex Brands, which opened a 4,500 m² flagship at the Big Fashion Glilot mall near Tel Aviv in February 2025 - after the ICJ’s July 2024 advisory opinion and the ICC’s November 2024 arrest warrants, and despite Inditex’s own European Works Council having called for an Israel exit.123
  • Political - franchisee’s far-right political ties, disavowed but not acted on: In October 2022 Trimera Brands chair Joey Schwebel hosted a campaign event at his home for Israeli far-right politician Itamar Ben-Gvir; Inditex publicly stated the agent’s actions did not reflect company policy but did not terminate or otherwise sanction the franchise, which remained in place through the 2025 flagship opening.456
  • Digital - Israeli-domiciled vendor implicated in 2026 customer-data breach: In April 2026 the ShinyHunters extortion group breached Inditex’s Google BigQuery customer-data environment via residual, un-revoked authentication tokens tied to Anodot, a Petach Tikva-domiciled analytics vendor since acquired by Israeli firm Glassbox Ltd; roughly 197,400 customer email addresses and order records were exposed.789
  • Not found: No public evidence identified of any Zara/Inditex military, defence, or dual-use contracting relationship, nor of any Zara-branded store operating inside a West Bank, East Jerusalem, or Golan Heights settlement, nor of Inditex or Trimera Brands appearing on the UN Human Rights Office’s database of businesses linked to Israeli settlement activity.101112

Target Profile

FieldDetail
Company NameZara (brand of Industria de Diseño Textil, S.A. / Inditex)
JurisdictionSpain (Inditex incorporated and headquartered in Arteixo, Galicia)13
HeadquartersArteixo, Galicia, Spain13
SectorFast-fashion apparel retail
OwnershipPublicly listed (Bolsa de Madrid); controlling shareholder Amancio Ortega via Pontegadea Inversiones/Partler holding vehicles (~59% of voting rights); Sandra Ortega Mera holds a further ~5.05% via a separate family holding company1415
Key Executives / GovernanceMarta Ortega Pérez, Non-Executive Chairman (since April 2022); Óscar García Maceiras, CEO (since November 2021); board of ten including Amancio Ortega and José Ignacio Goirigolzarri (joined 2026). Israeli-market franchise is chaired by Joey Schwebel (Trimera Brands/Gottex Brands, co-owned with Chanan Elituv) - an independent licensee, not an Inditex officer or director14164
Israeli-Nexus SummaryNo direct Inditex ownership or contracting presence in Israel; nexus runs through an independent Israeli franchisee (retail/political controversy) and, separately, through an Israeli-domiciled digital-analytics vendor implicated in a 2026 data breach - with no identified military, settlement, or defence-sector dimension

Key Facts:

Executive Summary

Zara, the flagship fast-fashion brand of Spain’s Inditex group, has no direct corporate presence inside Israel: its roughly 82–87 Israeli storefronts are operated under franchise by Trimera Brands/Gottex Brands, an independent Israeli-registered licensee, with Gottex Fashion Ltd. as importer-of-record.17184 Across all four audited domains - military, digital, economic, and political - no evidence was found of Inditex owning Israeli assets, holding Israeli government contracts, or operating in occupied territory. The company’s Israeli-nexus record instead consists of reputational and governance exposure generated by its franchise relationship and, separately, a digital-supply-chain security incident.

The strongest documented vectors are economic and political, and they are intertwined. Trimera Brands’ chair, Joey Schwebel, hosted a 2022 campaign event for far-right Israeli politician Itamar Ben-Gvir, triggering consumer boycotts, a formal complaint from the Palestinian Ministry of Economy, and a public disavowal from Inditex that stopped short of terminating the franchise.5622 More recently, Trimera opened Zara’s largest store in the world - a 4,500 m² flagship at Big Fashion Glilot, within Israel’s internationally recognized territory - in February 2025, after the ICJ’s July 2024 advisory opinion and the ICC’s November 2024 arrest warrants for senior Israeli officials, and after Inditex’s own European Works Council had urged an Israel exit.12323 These events, together with a 2021 designer controversy and a withdrawn December 2023 ad campaign widely read as evoking Gaza, prompted the Palestinian BDS National Committee to issue a formal boycott call against Zara in July 2025.2425

A separate and distinct digital vector emerged in April 2026: the ShinyHunters extortion campaign accessed Inditex’s Google BigQuery customer-data environment through residual, un-revoked authentication tokens connected to Anodot, an Israeli (Petach Tikva)-domiciled analytics vendor acquired by Israeli firm Glassbox Ltd in November 2025. Roughly 197,400 customer email addresses, order IDs, and product SKUs were exposed; Inditex described Anodot as a “former technology provider.”789 This is the only identified instance of Israeli-domiciled infrastructure holding authenticated access to Zara customer data, and it arose from a lapsed vendor contract rather than an ongoing commercial relationship.

What is not supported by the evidence is equally material. No public evidence identified of any Zara/Inditex military, defence, or dual-use contracting relationship; no Israeli defence-sector supply-chain integration; no Zara-branded store inside a West Bank, East Jerusalem, or Golan Heights settlement; and no listing of Inditex, Zara, or Trimera Brands on the UN Human Rights Office’s database of businesses linked to Israeli settlement activity (158 enterprises as of September 2025).101112 Inditex is Spanish-founded, Spanish-headquartered, and majority-owned by the Spanish Ortega family, with no Israeli state ownership, board appointees, or golden-share arrangements identified.1314

Taken together, these findings support a Final V4 BDS-1000 score of 203 (Tier D - Moderate), driven almost entirely by the Economic domain (V=2.93), with materially smaller contributions from Political (1.38) and Digital (0.20), and a scored floor of 0.00 in Military. The record documents a civilian retailer whose Israel exposure runs through a franchise structure and a lapsed technology vendor, generating real reputational and governance controversy but no military, settlement-construction, or defence-industrial nexus.

Timeline of Relevant Events

DateEvent
1997Inditex enters the Israeli market with the first Zara store, at Ramat Aviv Mall, Tel Aviv.13
2012The Israeli Zara franchisee acquires the Gap Israel franchise for NIS 40 million (franchisee-level transaction, not Inditex-direct).26
June 2021Zara’s then head womenswear designer sends anti-Palestinian messages to a Palestinian model; Inditex publicly condemns the remarks but takes no disciplinary action.2728
2019Zara launches e-commerce in Israel, later than regional competitors.29
October 2022Trimera Brands chair Joey Schwebel hosts a campaign event for Itamar Ben-Gvir at his home in Ra’anana; clothes-burning protests and boycott calls follow; the Palestinian Ministry of Economy files a formal complaint with Inditex.422
12 November 2022Inditex responds that “the statements of the Zara agent do not represent or reflect the company’s policy,” without terminating the franchise.6
October 2023Following the 7 October Hamas attacks, Inditex temporarily closes ~82–87 Israeli stores across six brands (26 Zara) and extends return deadlines.183031
December 2023Zara withdraws its “Atelier”/“The Jacket” ad campaign after criticism that its imagery evoked Gaza destruction; Inditex says the campaign predated the war and states “Zara regrets that misunderstanding.”2532
April 2024A campaign featuring Israeli model Sun Mizrahi draws boycott calls and a pro-Israel counter-mobilization defending the brand.33
19 July 2024ICJ issues advisory opinion on Israel’s policies in the occupied Palestinian territory (context for subsequent store opening).
September/October 2024Inditex’s European Works Council publicly calls for the company to exit Israel over the Gaza war; the call goes unanswered by management.3
21 November 2024ICC issues arrest warrants for senior Israeli officials (context for subsequent store opening).
February 2025Trimera/Zara opens a 4,500 m² Zara/Zara Home flagship at Big Fashion Glilot mall, Ramat Hasharon - within sovereign Israeli territory - described by the mall’s CEO as changing “the rules of the game in Israel.”123
24 July 2025The Palestinian BDS National Committee issues a formal boycott call against Zara/Inditex, citing the Glilot opening, the Ben-Gvir event, and prior controversies.2425
November 2025Anodot, an Israeli (Petach Tikva)-domiciled analytics vendor that had held BigQuery read-access into Inditex’s customer data, is acquired by Israeli firm Glassbox Ltd.8
April 2026ShinyHunters extortion group breaches Inditex’s BigQuery environment via un-revoked Anodot authentication tokens; ~197,400 customer records exposed.79

Corporate Overview

Zara is the flagship brand of Industria de Diseño Textil, S.A. (Inditex), a Spanish multinational fast-fashion group headquartered in Arteixo, Galicia, founded in 1975 alongside the Zara brand itself.13 Inditex is publicly listed, with the Ortega family (via Pontegadea Inversiones and related holding vehicles) as controlling shareholder and Marta Ortega Pérez as Non-Executive Chairman.1415

Inditex’s Israeli retail footprint is not owned or operated by Inditex directly. It runs entirely through Trimera Brands (also referenced as operating under the Gottex Brands Group umbrella), an independent Israeli franchisee chaired by Canadian-Israeli businessman Joey Schwebel and co-owned with Chanan (Hanan) Elituv, described in trade press as “the largest retail franchisee in Israel.”419 Trimera/Gottex operates Zara alongside sister Inditex brands - Zara Home, Pull & Bear, Bershka, Massimo Dutti, Stradivarius, and (from ~2024) Oysho - under franchise agreements, with Gottex Fashion Ltd. (Or Yehuda, Israel) serving as importer-of-record for merchandise entering Israel.174 Reported store counts vary by date and method: 84 stores across six brands (26 Zara) closed temporarily in October 2023; 87 stores were reported in 2018; 82 stores were reported as of end-2024.181934 Employees of the Israeli operation are technically employed by Trimera/Gottex, not Inditex.34

Profit flow, to the extent it can be inferred from the franchise structure, runs from the Israeli franchisee outward to the Spanish parent in the form of franchise and royalty fees - not the reverse; Israel is not broken out as a distinct reporting segment in Inditex’s FY2024 or FY2025 results.1741335 No public evidence identified of Inditex-owned offices, factories, logistics hubs, or data centers inside Israel, nor of Pontegadea (the Ortega family’s separate real-estate holding vehicle, concentrated in Spain, the UK, the US, Canada, and Australia) holding Israeli assets.14

A separate, unrelated entity - “Zara Company,” a locally operated cosmetics retailer in Ramallah - has no corporate connection to Inditex’s Zara brand and is noted here only for disambiguation.36

Domain Summaries

Military: Military

Mechanism of Involvement

No public evidence identified of any mechanism connecting Zara or Inditex to military or defence activity. Zara is a civilian apparel retailer with no disclosed defence-ministry or military-branch contracts, no dual-use or tactical product lines, no heavy-machinery or construction-infrastructure involvement, no defence-prime supply-chain integration, and no munitions or weapons-systems relationship of any kind, in Israel or elsewhere.3713 Zara’s supply chain is concentrated in civilian textile and garment manufacturing across Spain, Portugal, Turkey, Morocco, Bangladesh, China, India, and Vietnam, with no tier-1 or tier-2 supplier identified as a licensed defence contractor.38 No Zara or Inditex entity appears in the Who Profits database of companies tied to Israeli settlement or military infrastructure.11

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

The absence of evidence here is comprehensive and multi-sourced across military-contracting databases, dual-use export-control lists (Wassenaar Arrangement, EU Regulation 2021/821), and settlement-infrastructure trackers.394011 Spain’s move toward arms-export restrictions on Israel (2023–2025) is a matter for weapons and military-matériel exporters and has no application to Inditex as a civilian apparel group.41 The only Israel-related events in the wider research record touching Zara - the Ben-Gvir franchisee event, the withdrawn 2023 ad campaign, and the BDS boycott call - are economic/political in character and carry no military-procurement dimension; no investigative journalism, NGO forensic report, parliamentary inquiry, or regulatory investigation alleging a military/defence nexus for Zara or Inditex was identified.42524

Named Entities and Evidence Map

No named military entities, defence primes, or procurement bodies are documented in connection with Zara/Inditex. Inditex temporarily closed Israeli stores after October 2023 for operational/safety reasons unrelated to military supply; this is a retail-continuity event, not a defence-sector finding.3031

Digital: Digital

Mechanism of Involvement

Zara’s core technology stack (omnichannel e-commerce, chain-wide RFID inventory, assisted self-checkout, cloud analytics) is built on non-Israeli vendors: Tyco/Sensormatic and Impinj (RFID, both US-domiciled), and Google Cloud, Snowflake, Azure, and AWS for cloud/analytics.424344 The one identified Israeli-domiciled vendor relationship is Anodot, an AI-powered business-monitoring/anomaly-detection platform domiciled in Petach Tikva, Israel, which Inditex contracted for analytics services including read-access integration into its Google BigQuery instances holding Zara customer data.745 Anodot was acquired by Glassbox Ltd - also Israeli-incorporated, Petach Tikva-based, and Tel Aviv Stock Exchange-listed - on 4 November 2025.846 In April 2026, the ShinyHunters extortion group breached this environment via authentication tokens issued under the (by-then-ended) Anodot contract that had not been revoked, exposing customer transaction data.947 Have I Been Pwned catalogued the breach on 8 May 2026: approximately 197,400 unique email addresses with product SKUs, order IDs, geographic identifiers, and support-ticket metadata; Inditex stated no names, passwords, or payment data were included.4849 The same Anodot-linked attack pathway was used against Vimeo, Rockstar Games, McGraw Hill, 7-Eleven, and Carnival in the same campaign.50

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

Inditex’s disclosed cloud and RFID vendor relationships are overwhelmingly non-Israeli (US-domiciled hyperscalers and RFID providers).4244 Negative checks found no Zara/Inditex relationship with several Israeli-founded retail-tech and fraud-detection vendors (Riskified, Forter, Dynamic Yield - all now US-domiciled) or with Trigo (Israeli; its documented retail clients are Tesco/REWE/Netto, not Inditex).51 Inditex characterized the breach source as a “former technology provider,” indicating the underlying Anodot contract had already ended; the exposure resulted from a lapsed vendor’s un-revoked tokens rather than an active, ongoing relationship, and the data exposed did not include passwords or payment credentials.949 No public evidence identified of Zara/Inditex using named Israeli cybersecurity vendors (Check Point, CyberArk, Radware), of Israeli facial-recognition or biometric surveillance in Zara’s RFID/checkout systems, or of Anodot/Glassbox holding Israeli defence or intelligence contracts that would place Inditex data in proximity to the Israeli security establishment.

Named Entities and Evidence Map

Economic: Economic

Mechanism of Involvement

Zara’s Israeli commercial presence runs through the Trimera Brands/Gottex Brands franchise (importer-of-record Gottex Fashion Ltd.), not Inditex-owned assets.174 The franchise operates ~82–87 stores across six Inditex brands in Israel and, in February 2025, opened the 4,500 m² Big Fashion Glilot flagship - Zara’s largest store worldwide - within sovereign Israeli territory.18123 This opening occurred after the ICJ’s July 2024 advisory opinion, the ICC’s November 2024 arrest warrants, and Inditex’s own European Works Council’s call for an Israel exit.31 Recurring controversy accompanies the franchise: a 2021 designer controversy,27 the October 2022 Ben-Gvir campaign-event episode (with Inditex’s formal but non-terminating disavowal),46 the withdrawn December 2023 ad campaign,25 and the April 2024 Sun Mizrahi model controversy, which drew both boycott calls and a pro-Israel counter-mobilization.3352 These events, together with the Glilot opening, underpin the July 2025 BDS National Committee boycott call.2425

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

No public evidence identified of Inditex holding any direct capital investment, acquisition, factory, data center, or logistics hub inside Israel or the occupied territories; the entire relationship is a licensee arrangement in which an Israeli company (Trimera/Gottex) pays to use the Zara brand, not the reverse.174 No public evidence identified of Zara products being mislabeled with false territorial origin, of Israeli-origin goods (settlement or otherwise) entering Zara’s supply chain, or of Inditex/Zara appearing in the UN Special Rapporteur’s July 2025 “economy of genocide” report digest, the OHCHR settlement-business database (September 2025 update), or the Don’t Buy Into Occupation company list (though the DBIO list’s formatting prevented full text-search confirmation, leaving this a data gap rather than a negative finding).53105455 No public evidence identified of any Zara-branded store located inside a West Bank, East Jerusalem, or Golan Heights settlement.12 No public evidence identified of personal or family-office investment by Amancio Ortega, Marta Ortega Pérez, or other Inditex board members in Israeli companies.14 Countervailing evidence also shows Israel-supportive consumers organizing in Zara’s defence during boycott episodes.52

Named Entities and Evidence Map

Political: Political

Mechanism of Involvement

Inditex’s public posture toward its Israel exposure has been reactive and narrowly worded rather than proactive. After the October 2023 Hamas attacks, Inditex’s response was operational (temporary store closures, extended returns) with no accompanying statement on the humanitarian situation.3056 After the December 2023 ad-campaign controversy, Inditex stated the campaign had been conceived and shot before the war and that “Zara regrets that misunderstanding,” without addressing Gaza directly.3257 After the 2022 Ben-Gvir event, Inditex told the Palestinian National Economy Ministry that the franchisee’s statements did not reflect company policy, while taking no documented disciplinary or contractual action against the franchise, which continued operating through the 2025 flagship opening.619 This contrasts with Inditex’s explicit, detailed humanitarian response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine - a formal UNHCR partnership, donation of 272,090 clothing/footwear items, and full divestment from the Russian market (245 stores, €2,211 million impairment) - for which no equivalent Gaza-directed action has been identified.205821 The Palestinian BDS National Committee’s July 2025 boycott call cites the Glilot opening, the Ben-Gvir event, the 2021 designer controversy, the ad-campaign withdrawal, and the Mizrahi model controversy.2425 Grassroots protest activity has recurred across markets, including a Black Friday 2023 Manhattan store protest (four arrests) and a December 2023 London march by Sisters Uncut.5960

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

No public evidence identified of Inditex, Zara, or Trimera Brands appearing in the UN Human Rights Office’s database of businesses linked to Israeli settlement activity (158 enterprises, September 2025 update), nor in a public mirror of that list.1061 No public evidence identified of a formal OECD National Contact Point complaint against Inditex or Zara concerning Israel/Palestine, of any Inditex/Zara/Trimera donation to the IDF, Friends of the IDF, the Jewish National Fund, or settlement organizations, of Inditex using military heritage or state-security origins in its branding, or of formal Israeli-government co-sponsorship of the Glilot opening.62 No public evidence identified of Marta Ortega or CEO Óscar García Maceiras making any statement specifically addressing Israel, Gaza, or Palestine, nor of any current board member holding a role in a pro-Israel/anti-BDS or settlement-support organization.14 Inditex’s EU Transparency Register lobbying disclosure (four accredited lobbyists, €300,000–399,999 budget band) shows no Israel/Palestine-specific lobbying activity.63 A pro-Israel commercial source characterizes Zara’s position as one of deliberate “political neutrality,” though it offers no verifiable primary documentation for that characterization.64

Named Entities and Evidence Map

BDS-1000 Score (V4)

DomainIMPV-Domain Score
Military0.000.000.000.00
Digital2.502.002.000.20
Economic5.804.505.502.93
Political4.503.005.001.38

The score is driven almost entirely by Economic, which carries the highest Impact, Magnitude, and Proximity ratings of the four domains - reflecting the documented, ongoing franchise-level commercial presence in Israel (store expansion during active hostilities, franchise royalty flows) rather than any direct Inditex-owned operation. Political contributes a secondary weight from the franchisee’s far-right political entanglement and Inditex’s narrowly worded, non-terminating responses, while Digital contributes only a marginal score reflecting a lapsed-vendor security incident rather than a substantive commercial or surveillance relationship. Military scores zero across all three sub-factors, reflecting a comprehensive absence of any military or defence-sector nexus. This yields a composite BRS of 203, placing Zara in Tier D (Moderate) under the scale-free Impact × Magnitude/Proximity methodology, evidence-only and human-vetted.

Methodology Note

End Notes

Footnotes

  1. https://www.jpost.com/consumerism/article-844035 ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  2. https://blog.boycat.io/posts/zara-big-fashion-glilot-boycott ↩ ↩2

  3. https://www.ynetnews.com/business/article/h18ydatpxx ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  4. https://www.timesofisrael.com/arabs-burn-zara-clothes-call-for-boycott-after-franchisee-hosts-ben-gvir-event/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8 ↩9 ↩10 ↩11 ↩12 ↩13 ↩14

  5. https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20221024-zara-israel-faces-boycott-after-boss-linked-to-extreme-right ↩ ↩2

  6. https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/131816 ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  7. https://cyberinsider.com/inditex-confirms-third-party-breach-as-hackers-threaten-zara-data-leak/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  8. https://www.glassbox.com/news/glassbox-anodot-acquisition/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  9. https://www.cybersecurity-insiders.com/zara-data-breach-retired-provider-cloud-tokens/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  10. https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/09/un-human-rights-office-updates-database-businesses-involved-israeli ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  11. https://whoprofits.org/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  12. https://www.jpost.com/consumerism/article-844035 ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  13. https://www.inditex.com/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7

  14. https://www.inditex.com/itxcomweb/api/media/da68d990-0e8f-4fc0-b569-ddb46f202c78/BoDAnnualproceedingsreport2024.pdf ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8 ↩9

  15. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inditex ↩ ↩2

  16. https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-zara-also-mulls-leaving-melisron-malls-1001247528 ↩

  17. https://shopisrael.com/blogs/support/zara ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7

  18. https://apparelresources.com/business-news/retail/zara-owner-inditex-temporarily-closes-stores-israel/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  19. https://www.ynetnews.com/business/article/h18ydatpxx ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5

  20. https://static.inditex.com/annual_report_2022/en/committed/communities/ ↩ ↩2

  21. https://www.nextinbeautymag.com/en/fashion-and-luxury/the-cessation-of-activity-in-ukraine-and-the-sale-of-the-business-in-russia-generates-deteriorations-in-the-exercise-of-2022-of-inditex_856_102.html ↩ ↩2

  22. https://www.euronews.com/2022/10/24/israel-election-zara ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  23. https://blog.boycat.io/posts/zara-big-fashion-glilot-boycott ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  24. https://fashionunited.com/news/business/palestinian-bds-national-committee-calls-for-boycott-of-zara-and-inditex/2025072867362 ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6

  25. https://bdsmovement.net/news/boycott-zara-dressing-apartheid-and-genocide ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7

  26. https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4173745,00.html ↩

  27. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/fashion-retailer-zara-condemns-anti-palestinian-comments-made-designer-n1270940 ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  28. https://www.jta.org/quick-reads/fashion-giant-zara-condemns-jewish-designer-for-lashing-out-at-palestinian-model-who-called-israel-evil ↩ ↩2

  29. https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-zara-launches-online-sales-in-israel-1001285843 ↩

  30. https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/zara-owner-inditex-temporarily-shuts-stores-in-israel/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3

  31. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-10-10/israel-h-m-inditex-stores-close-following-hamas-attacks ↩ ↩2

  32. https://www.forbes.com/sites/roberthart/2023/12/12/zara-regrets-misunderstanding-over-controversial-ad-campaign-accused-of-mocking-gaza-deaths/ ↩ ↩2

  33. https://www.algemeiner.com/2024/04/09/israel-supporters-back-zara-after-brand-faces-boycott-threats-featuring-israeli-model/ ↩ ↩2

  34. https://www.sunnafiles.com/75685-2/ ↩ ↩2

  35. https://www.inditex.com/itxcomweb/api/media/1da2c9d1-dbca-49fb-9563-982a8a27fae6/INDITEXFullYear2025.pdf ↩

  36. https://www.facebook.com/zarahcompany/ ↩

  37. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inditex ↩

  38. https://static.inditex.com/annual_report_2021/en/positive-impact/our-suppliers.html ↩

  39. https://www.sipri.org/research/armament-and-disarmament/dual-use-and-arms-trade-control/dual-use-export-controls ↩

  40. https://www.wassenaar.org/ ↩

  41. https://pbicanada.org/2025/07/15/spain-moves-to-legislate-an-arms-embargo-against-israel-while-canada-continues-to-approve-arms-export-permits/ ↩

  42. https://www.impinj.com/library/blog/zaras-retail-inventory-management-system-driv ↩ ↩2

  43. https://www.retail-week.com/fashion/store-gallery-zara-unveils-most-tech-driven-store-yet-with-scan-and-go-payments-and-automated-returns/7041641.article ↩

  44. https://www.klover.ai/inditex-ai-strategy-analysis-of-dominance-in-new-era-fashion/ ↩ ↩2

  45. https://www.anodot.com/about/ ↩ ↩2

  46. https://israeldesks.com/glassbox-raises-usd-100-million-at-usd-500-million-valuation-in-tel-aviv-stock-exchange-ipo/ ↩ ↩2

  47. https://cybernews.com/security/zara-carnival-7eleven-ransomware-shinyhunters-leak-warning/ ↩ ↩2

  48. https://haveibeenpwned.com/PwnedWebsites ↩

  49. https://ground.news/article/zara-owner-inditex-reports-unauthorised-access-to-transaction-databases ↩ ↩2

  50. https://www.rescana.com/post/vimeo-data-breach-2026-shinyhunters-exploit-anodot-integration-to-expose-119-000-user-records-via-snowflake-and-bigquery/ ↩ ↩2

  51. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigo_(company) ↩

  52. https://www.algemeiner.com/2024/04/09/israel-supporters-back-zara-after-brand-faces-boycott-threats-featuring-israeli-model/ ↩ ↩2

  53. https://law4palestine.org/summary-of-the-un-special-rapporteurs-report-on-corporate-complicity-in-the-economy-of-occupation-and-genocide-including-a-list-of-referenced-companies/ ↩

  54. https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session59/advance-version/a-hrc-59-23-aev.pdf ↩

  55. https://dontbuyintooccupation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/2024_DBIO-IV_Company-list.pdf ↩

  56. https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/zara-owner-inditex-temporarily-shuts-stores-in-israel/ ↩

  57. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/11/zara-pulls-controversial-ad-from-website-after-gaza-boycott-calls ↩

  58. https://www.retailgazette.co.uk/blog/2022/10/zara-inditex-russian-stores/ ↩

  59. https://www.newsweek.com/zara-boycott-controversial-ad-bodies-sheets-israel-hamas-1851186 ↩

  60. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/11/zara-pulls-controversial-ad-from-website-after-gaza-boycott-calls ↩

  61. https://blog.boycat.io/posts/why-boycott-zara-israel-genocide-complicity ↩

  62. https://www.is-boycott.com/en/c/zara ↩

  63. https://cosh.eco/en/articles/how-fashion-supports-illegal-occupation-and-genocide ↩

  64. https://shopisrael.com/blogs/support/zara ↩