Fiverr🇮🇱

Key Findings

• Economic: Fiverr is a flagship “Start-Up Nation” company with its principal engineering and R&D headquarters at 8 Eliezer Kaplan Street, Tel Aviv, and a second R&D centre in Haifa; approximately 78% of its ~700-person global workforce is based in Israel, and the company operates under Israel’s Preferred Technology Enterprise tax regime (~12% effective rate on IP-attributed income).^{1, 2}
• Political/Wartime mobilisation: Following the October 7, 2023 attacks, Fiverr co-founded the Lev Echad (“One Heart”) wartime volunteer-logistics initiative from its Tel Aviv headquarters alongside HiBob and monday.com, funding operations across more than 30 locations and confirming service to “members of the security forces” and reservist families, while a Fiverr board member separately briefed IDF personnel on social-media “information war” tactics in November 2023.^{3, 4, 5}
• Governance: Two long-serving Fiverr directors - Ron Gutler (ex-Chairman, NICE Systems) and Jonathan Kolber (ex-CEO, Koor Industries) - carry documented historical ties to Israeli defence-electronics firms, though these roles substantially predate their Fiverr board service and both companies’ defence-sector activity was largely divested before or shortly after the relevant tenures.^{6, 7}
• Not found: No verified defence contract, dual-use product, weapons-systems role, or listing in the OHCHR settlement database, PAX, AFSC Investigate, or A/HRC/59/23 was identified for Fiverr in any domain audit.⁸

Target Profile

Key Facts:

• 78% of Fiverr’s global workforce (roughly 545 of 700+ employees) works from Israel.²
• Acquired Israeli companies Stoke Talent ($95m, Nov 2021) and AutoDS ($92m, Jul 2024).^{13, 14}
• Registered under Israel’s Preferred Technology Enterprise tax track (~12% effective rate).²
• Does not appear in the OHCHR settlement-business database, the PAX “Companies Arming Israel” report, the AFSC Investigate database, A/HRC/59/23, or Who Profits.^{8, 15}

Executive Summary

Fiverr International Ltd. is an online freelance-services marketplace founded in Israel in 2010, headquartered in Tel Aviv, and listed on the NYSE since 2019. Across all four domain audits - Military, Digital, Economic, and Political - the company’s Israel/Palestine nexus is defined overwhelmingly by corporate domicile and operational concentration rather than by direct participation in the occupation apparatus, arms trade, or surveillance infrastructure. Fiverr manufactures nothing, holds no defence contracts, and does not appear in any of the primary international accountability databases reviewed (OHCHR settlement list, PAX, AFSC Investigate, A/HRC/59/23, Who Profits).^{8, 15}

The strongest documented vectors are economic and political rather than military or digital. Economically, Fiverr’s Tel Aviv and Haifa R&D centres house the substantial majority of its global workforce, its two disclosed acquisitions (Stoke Talent, AutoDS) were Israeli-incorporated companies, and the firm operates under an Israeli preferential tax regime that channels IP-attributed profit to the Israeli treasury.^{1, 2, 13, 14} Politically, the company’s most consequential documented act is its co-founding of the Lev Echad wartime volunteer-logistics initiative in the immediate aftermath of October 7, 2023, which explicitly served “members of the security forces” and reservist families from Fiverr’s own headquarters - a civilian humanitarian effort with acknowledged military-adjacent scope, but not itself a military contract.^{3, 4, 5} Separately, board member Adam Fisher’s November 2023 presentation to IDF-linked audiences on social-media “information war” tactics constitutes a documented instance of a Fiverr director engaging directly with Israeli military communications strategy, though this was conducted in a personal/venture-capital capacity rather than as an act of the Fiverr corporation.¹⁶

What is not supported by the evidence is any direct military-industrial relationship. No audit identified a defence contract, dual-use product line, weapons-systems role, settlement-territory operation, or export-control violation. Board-level defence-industry connections (Ron Gutler/NICE Systems; Jonathan Kolber/Koor Industries and its Elisra/Tadiran subsidiaries) are real but historical, substantially predate or bracket the individuals’ Fiverr tenures, and both underlying companies had divested or restructured their defence operations before or shortly after the relevant periods - the Military audit is explicit that “no supply relationship between Fiverr and any defence prime descending from” these connections has been identified.^{6, 7} A widely circulated claim that Fiverr uses AU10TIX for biometric identity verification could not be substantiated against primary source material and is treated by the Digital audit as unconfirmed.¹⁷

The resulting profile - extensive, undisputed operational and economic embeddedness in the Israeli technology economy, combined with a single documented instance of wartime civilian-military dual-use mobilisation, board-level historical defence interlocks, and an absence of any direct arms or occupation-territory nexus - supports the human-vetted Complicity Index score of BRS 853, Tier A (Extreme), driven principally by the Economic (Economic = 9.00) and Political (Political = 9.00) domains, with materially lower Military (3.50) and Digital (6.10) scores reflecting the comparative absence of direct military-supply or surveillance-technology findings.

Timeline of Relevant Events

Corporate Overview

Fiverr International Ltd. operates as a global digital-services marketplace connecting freelance sellers with buyers of creative, technical, and business services. The corporate structure places a Cayman Islands-incorporated entity as ultimate parent for the 2019 NYSE listing - a standard structure used by Israeli technology companies accessing US capital markets - while the company’s de facto place of effective management, per its own SEC filings, is its Tel Aviv headquarters.^{9, 10} The company maintains subsidiary offices in the United States, Germany (Fiverr GmbH), and the United Kingdom (Fiverr UK Ltd.), alongside its two Israeli engineering centres in Tel Aviv and Haifa.² No physical Fiverr presence - office, subsidiary, or franchise - has been documented in the West Bank, East Jerusalem, Gaza, or the Golan Heights.^{2, 15} The platform does, however, host individual freelance sellers who list their location as “West Bank,” a platform-level fact distinct from any corporate operational presence there.²³

Fiverr’s only two disclosed acquisitions with Israeli nexus are Stoke Talent Ltd. (freelance-management platform, Tel Aviv, $95 million, November 2021 - now formally “eliminated due to merger” in the Israeli Companies Registrar) and AutoDS Ltd. (dropshipping-automation, Tel Aviv-headquartered though one announcement describes it as Denver-based, $55.7–92 million depending on source, July 2024).^{13, 14, 24} A November 2025 acquisition of Ukraine-based Digis Group was reported in regional press under the “Israeli Fiverr” framing, though the acquisition target is itself Ukrainian rather than Israeli.²⁰

Domain Summaries

Military: Military

Mechanism of Involvement

No direct defence-contracting, dual-use product, construction/infrastructure, weapons-systems, or export-control nexus was identified. The principal military-adjacent findings are: (1) the geographic proximity of Fiverr’s Tel Aviv HQ to HaKirya (IDF General Staff/MoD compound); (2) the company’s co-founding of the Lev Echad wartime volunteer initiative, whose own website and NoCamels reporting confirm service to “members of the security forces,” reservist families, and AI-based transport-routing for IDF soldiers; and (3) FY2024 Form 20-F disclosure that “several” Fiverr employees were called to active IDF duty, alongside a CEO statement on the Q3 2023 earnings call committing to support affected employees’ families.^{11, 3, 4, 5, 25}

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

Fiverr manufactures no physical goods and does not appear in the OHCHR settlement database, PAX “Companies Arming Israel” report, AFSC Investigate database, or A/HRC/59/23.⁸ No SIBAT listing, defence-exhibition catalogue entry, or government procurement registry entry was found.⁸ Claims that Fiverr’s headquarters served as a distribution hub for ceramic vests, helmets, or reconnaissance drones circulate in secondary advocacy material but could not be verified against primary Lev Echad or NoCamels sourcing, which describe only general humanitarian/logistical categories (food, hygiene products, transportation, accommodation); this specific claim is treated as unverified.^{3, 4} Board members Ron Gutler (ex-NICE Systems Chairman) and Jonathan Kolber (ex-Koor Industries CEO, whose tenure touched Elisra and Tadiran defence-electronics subsidiaries) carry historical defence-industry connections, but Gutler’s chairmanship largely overlapped with NICE’s divestiture from military work (completed ~2003), NICE’s Cyber and Intelligence unit was not sold to Elbit until 2015 - over two years after Gutler’s departure - and Kolber divested from Koor entirely before joining Fiverr’s board in 2019. No supply relationship between Fiverr and any defence prime descending from either connection has been identified.^{6, 7}

Named Entities and Evidence Map

• NICE Systems Ltd. - historical Gutler chairmanship (2002–2013); defence/COMINT operations divested by ~2003; Cyber and Intelligence division sold to Elbit Systems in 2015, post-dating Gutler’s tenure.⁶
• Koor Industries / Elisra / Tadiran Communications - historical Kolber leadership (1998–2007); subsequently absorbed by Elbit Systems; pre-2020 and pre-Fiverr-board activity.⁷
• AU10TIX / ICTS International - a claimed identity-verification vendor with Shin Bet-founder provenance; the Military audit notes this as a possible vendor relationship but flags it as more properly a Digital matter; the Digital audit independently found the specific AU10TIX-Fiverr link unsubstantiated.^{26, 17}

Digital: Digital

Mechanism of Involvement

Fiverr is a confirmed customer of two Israeli-founded cybersecurity vendors - Orca Security (cloud visibility/AWS security, ~2021 case study, current status unconfirmed) and Wing Security (SaaS-risk management, founded by former IDF Chief CISO and former head of IDF Cyber Operations, July 2023 case study).^{27, 28} Fiverr’s mandatory seller identity-verification pipeline collects government ID and biometric selfie/liveness data via an undisclosed facial-recognition vendor.²⁹ Approximately 78% of Fiverr’s global workforce and its principal R&D/engineering functions are based in Israel, meaning user data may fall under Israeli corporate jurisdiction independent of physical server location.² Board member Ron Gutler’s historical NICE Systems chairmanship (NICE being Unit-8200-founded) and his separate CyberArk board tenure (2014–February 2026) are documented as board-interlock disclosures.^{6, 21}

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

The specific, widely circulated claim that Fiverr uses AU10TIX for biometric verification was directly investigated and found unsubstantiated - the cited source material contained no mention of Fiverr.¹⁷ No Fiverr participation in Project Nimbus or any Israeli sovereign-cloud initiative was found; Fiverr is a cloud/AI customer, not an infrastructure provider, and is notably absent from Amazon’s own August 2023 list of Israeli AWS-region users (which includes CyberArk, Wiz, SentinelOne, and Israeli government ministries).³⁰ No evidence was found of Fiverr providing AI, surveillance, or autonomous systems to Israeli military or intelligence bodies, nor of its technology being deployed for military/law-enforcement applications. Fiverr does not appear in the OHCHR settlement database or Who Profits.^{31, 15} Isolated anecdotal forum reports of account suspensions linked to Palestine/Gaza mentions exist but lack any systematic policy documentation or NGO investigation confirming a deliberate moderation policy.³²

Named Entities and Evidence Map

• Orca Security - confirmed vendor (case study ~2021); Israeli-founded cloud-security firm.²⁷
• Wing Security - confirmed vendor (case study July 2023); founded by former IDF Cyber Operations/CISO personnel - a vendor biographical fact, not evidence of Fiverr-IDF relationship.²⁸
• AU10TIX/ICTS International - claimed but unsubstantiated relationship.¹⁷
• CyberArk - board-interlock only (Gutler), no commercial relationship identified.²¹

Economic: Economic

Mechanism of Involvement

Fiverr’s principal R&D and executive functions are concentrated in Tel Aviv (8 Eliezer Kaplan St.) and Haifa (Matam park), housing approximately 78% of its global workforce.² The company is registered under Israel’s Preferred Technology Enterprise tax track, yielding an effective ~12% rate on IP-attributed income, and its 20-F filings disclose transfer-pricing risk with the Israel Tax Authority retaining audit rights over intercompany pricing.² Both disclosed acquisitions (Stoke Talent, $95m 2021; AutoDS, $92m 2024) directed capital into Israeli-incorporated companies.^{13, 14} Fiverr is characterised in Israeli financial press as a flagship “Start-Up Nation” company.²

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

Fiverr sells no physical goods, so standard supply-chain, import/export, and country-of-origin labelling risk indicators are inapplicable.⁹ Israel is not disclosed as a distinct revenue market - annual reports present only a global revenue pool, with the United States (~60–65%) as the largest identified single market; Israel is characterised in filings as an innovation/engineering hub, not a sales market.² No Israeli government ownership stake, government-appointed board seat, or government contract was identified.² No public evidence identified of any corporate labelling or disclosure policy specific to sellers located in occupied or contested territories, beyond the platform-level fact that some individual freelancers list “West Bank” as their location.²³

Named Entities and Evidence Map

• Stoke Talent Ltd. (Israel, acquired 2021, $95m; status “eliminated due to merger”).¹³
• AutoDS Ltd. (Israel-incorporated, acquired 2024, $92m; company registry active).¹⁴
• Israel Innovation Authority - R&D tax-deduction relationship disclosed generically, no specific grant figures published.²

Political: Political

Mechanism of Involvement

Fiverr co-founded the Lev Echad wartime volunteer-logistics initiative from its Tel Aviv HQ in October 2023, alongside HiBob and (subsequently) monday.com, with the three companies funding operating costs across 30+ Israeli locations; the initiative served displaced civilians, hostage families, and military personnel.^{3, 4, 5} Board member Adam Fisher presented IDF-adjacent social-media strategy on November 22, 2023, alongside a uniformed IDF spokesperson, including a “ridicule works” slide targeting a sitting US Congresswoman and other pro-Palestinian voices.¹⁶ CEO Micha Kaufman has publicly framed Israeli incorporation and hiring as a deliberate fiscal contribution to the Israeli state.³³ Fiverr’s 20-F risk factors acknowledge boycott campaigns as a business risk.¹⁰

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

No dedicated corporate statement on the Gaza war, ceasefire position, or Palestinian civilian harm was identified from Fiverr’s official channels; the only corporate reference to October 7 appears inside routine earnings commentary.¹⁸ By contrast, Fiverr’s comparable 2022 solidarity response to Ukraine included a dedicated marketplace storefront, fee waivers for Ukrainian freelancers, and named charitable partnerships - no equivalent dedicated initiative for Palestinian or Gazan freelancers was found for 2023–2026.³⁴ Fiverr does not appear in the OHCHR settlement database, the Al-Haq/Profundo “Don’t Buy into Occupation” report, or Who Profits, and is not a formally BDS-Movement-listed company (distinct from grassroots boycott-directory inclusion).^{8, 35, 15} A 7amleh (May 2026) survey found Palestinians can technically create Fiverr accounts but face structural payout barriers (“Access: Yes; Payout: Difficult”) - a pattern the same report characterises as shared across major platforms (PayPal, Payoneer, Stripe, Skrill) rather than Fiverr-specific policy.³⁶ A claim naming Kaufman a “staunch zionist who supports the IDF” traces only to a social-media characterisation, not a documented primary quote.³⁷

Named Entities and Evidence Map

• Lev Echad / One Heart - co-founded by Fiverr, HiBob, monday.com; documented via NoCamels and official levechad.org sourcing.^{3, 4}
• Adam Fisher / Bessemer Venture Partners - director since 2011; documented IDF-adjacent presentation, November 2023.¹⁶
• 7amleh - independent NGO documenting structural Palestinian payout barriers across platforms including Fiverr.³⁶

Complicity Index Score (V4)

• V_MAX: 9.00 Avg_OTHERS: 6.20
• BRS Score: 853 Tier: A (Extreme)

The V_MAX of 9.00 is driven jointly by the Economic and Political domains, reflecting Fiverr’s deep, undisputed structural embeddedness in the Israeli economy (majority workforce, R&D concentration, preferential tax status) and its documented political conduct during the October 2023 war (Lev Echad co-founding, board-level IDF information-operations engagement), each scored at maximum proximity and directness. The comparatively low Military score (3.50) reflects the near-total absence of direct military-supply findings, while Digital (6.10) sits between the extremes on the strength of confirmed but non-military vendor relationships and unresolved biometric-vendor claims. The BRS methodology applies scale-free Impact × magnitude/proximity scoring derived exclusively from the four evidence-vetted domain audits; the resulting Tier A (Extreme) classification is a function of the maximum-domain-driven formula rather than a uniform finding across all four vectors.

Methodology Note

• Every claim in this dossier traces to one of the four domain audits (Military, Digital, Economic, Political); no independent research was conducted.
• Where the audits found nothing, this dossier states “No public evidence identified” rather than inferring absence-of-evidence as evidence-of-absence or silence as exoneration.
• Scoring is scale-free: I (Impact) reflects the type of activity documented, M (Magnitude) reflects its scale, and P (Proximity) reflects directness of the nexus to Israeli state/military conduct.
• Temporal rule applied: divested, exited, or pre-tenure defence-industry connections (NICE Systems, Koor Industries/Elisra/Tadiran) are carried with their divestment timelines rather than treated as current relationships.
• Entity-attribution rule applied: no transitive guilt is assigned from board members’ historical, non-Fiverr employers to Fiverr itself; each connection is presented with its documented temporal and evidentiary limits.
• Where a claim was independently investigated and found unsubstantiated (e.g., the AU10TIX-Fiverr link) or unconfirmed (e.g., a named chairman’s Rafael/MoD advisory ties), it is flagged as unverified rather than asserted.