Anthropic - Economic Audit

Supply Chain & Sourcing Relationships

• Anthropic’s documented offering is software delivered directly and through cloud platforms, including Amazon Bedrock, rather than a physical-goods supply chain ¹².

• CloudZone describes itself as an official AWS Anthropic reseller that provides Claude access through Amazon Bedrock and assists customers with Claude implementations and workflows ³.

• AWS’s partner listing identifies CloudZone as headquartered in Tel Aviv ⁴.

• Matrix’s FY2024 financial statements describe CloudZone as a dedicated company within its Cloud and Computing Infrastructure division and an AWS reseller serving enterprises, public-sector entities, small businesses, and startups in Israel and Europe ⁵.

• Anthropic identifies AWS as its primary cloud and training partner, and identifies Google Cloud as a platform for training, scaling, and deploying Anthropic systems ⁶⁷.

• No public evidence identified of a relationship between Anthropic and Mehadrin, Hadiklaim, Galilee Export, Agrexco, an Agrexco successor, or other named Israeli agricultural exporters.

• No public evidence identified that Anthropic uses an Israeli importer of record, import joint venture, dedicated goods-import entity, or recurring sourcing of Israeli agricultural products.

• No public evidence identified of publicly disclosed CloudZone contract terms, reseller margins, exclusivity, customer lists, territory definitions, or transaction-level revenue ³.

Product Origin, Labeling & Regulatory Compliance

• Anthropic’s available evidence concerns digital services rather than physical products, and no public evidence identified that it produces, purchases, lists, or sells goods originating in the West Bank, East Jerusalem, the Jordan Valley, or the Golan Heights ⁸⁹.

• Anthropic’s supported-country page lists both Israel and Palestine as supported jurisdictions for Claude.ai and API access ¹.

• The supported-country page does not publish distinct availability rules for settlements, East Jerusalem, or the Golan Heights ¹.

• No public evidence identified of a DEFRA, customs, consumer-protection, or other enforcement action involving Anthropic and Israeli or settlement-origin labeling.

• Anthropic’s published voluntary-commitments material does not set out a territory-specific policy on sourcing or labeling products from occupied or contested territories ¹⁰.

• Anthropic was not named in the supplied full-text checks of the 2023 and 2025 OHCHR settlement-business database updates, which are document-scoped sources rather than comprehensive records of all commercial activity in Israel or the occupied territory ⁸⁹.

• Anthropic was not mentioned in the supplied full-text check of the 2025 OHCHR report From economy of occupation to economy of genocide, including paragraphs 48–86 ¹¹.

• Anthropic was not mentioned in the supplied full-text checks of the DBIO materials, the November 2024 BDS corporate-priority document, or KLP’s June 2024 exclusion list ¹²¹³¹⁴.

Investment, Capital & Financial Exposure

• Amazon’s June 2026 filing states that it invested $8 billion in Anthropic through convertible notes issued from the third quarter of 2023 through the fourth quarter of 2025, with portions converting into non-voting preferred equity in 2025 and 2026 ¹⁵.

• Amazon reported Anthropic as a non-controlling investment subject to an ownership cap ¹⁵.

• In July 2023, Dario Amodei confirmed to a U.S. Senate hearing that Google was an Anthropic investor and did not control an Anthropic board seat ¹⁶.

• The hearing record referred to contemporaneous reporting that Google’s investment represented at least 10%, while the checked primary materials do not disclose Google’s current percentage or subsequent dilution ¹⁶.

• CTech reported that Clal Insurance invested $55 million in Anthropic’s September 2025 financing, primarily using policyholder or member funds and partly using Clal’s nostro capital ¹⁷.

• CTech subsequently reported cumulative Anthropic investments of $185 million by Clal and $125 million by Migdal Insurance, totaling $310 million ¹⁸.

• Anthropic announced a $65 billion Series H financing in May 2026 at a stated $965 billion post-money valuation, while its significant-investor list did not separately name Clal or Migdal ¹⁹.

• No public evidence identified that the reported Clal or Migdal investments conferred board rights, control rights, or a disclosed ownership percentage ¹⁸.

• Bloomberg Law reported on 13 August 2026 that Anthropic was in discussions to acquire Israeli-founded AI company Decart for approximately $6 billion, while stating that negotiations were not final and could fail ²⁰.

• Decart was therefore not a verified Anthropic subsidiary or controlled company at the research cutoff ²⁰.

• Anthropic stated that its engineers were working with Amazon’s Annapurna Labs team to optimize future Trainium accelerators ⁶.

• Amazon’s Israel infrastructure announcement describes Annapurna Labs as an Amazon company with Israeli engineering operations, but the available sources do not disclose where Anthropic–Annapurna work occurred or how much Anthropic spending, if any, was allocated to Israel ²¹.

• No public evidence identified of an Anthropic-owned Israeli factory, data center, logistics hub, real-estate asset, R&D center, accelerator, or innovation laboratory.

• Amazon operates the AWS Israel (Tel Aviv) Region and announced planned investment of approximately $7.2 billion in Israeli cloud infrastructure through 2037, but these are Amazon activities rather than Anthropic-owned operations ²².

• Google opened an Israeli cloud region in 2022 and stated that Google Cloud had been selected for Project Nimbus, but the checked evidence does not establish Anthropic or Claude participation in Google’s Nimbus contract ²³.

• No public evidence identified that Anthropic holds Israeli sovereign bonds, Israel Bonds, Israeli-focused funds, or disclosed portfolio positions in Israeli-domiciled public companies.

• No public evidence identified that Anthropic underwrites Israeli sovereign debt, sells Israel Bonds, insures state or military activity, or extends direct lending or trade-finance facilities to Israeli defense companies or OHCHR-listed companies.

Operational Presence & Market Activity

• Israel and Palestine are both listed as supported jurisdictions for Claude.ai and Anthropic API access ¹.

• Anthropic’s September 2025 Economic Index estimated that Israel accounted for 1.1% of observed Claude.ai Free and Pro usage and assigned it an Anthropic AI Usage Index of 7.0 ²⁴.

• The report characterized Israel as the highest per-capita user in that dataset, while measuring observed usage rather than revenue, billings, or profit ²⁴.

• Anthropic’s December 2025 European-expansion announcement placed Israel within the portfolio of Pip White, Head of EMEA North, operating from Anthropic’s London office ²⁵.

• This regional coverage is evidence of management from London rather than an Israeli Anthropic headquarters ²⁵.

• Anthropic’s Amazon Bedrock documentation lists AWS il-central-1 as an eligible source region for global cross-region inference ².

• The documentation states that AWS hosts and manages the service and that Anthropic personnel do not have access to AWS infrastructure ².

• The Bedrock regional listing does not establish an Anthropic-owned Israeli data center or establish that every Israel-originated request is processed in Israel ².

• Google Cloud’s spring.new case study identifies spring.new as an Israeli company using Anthropic Claude models through Vertex AI ²⁶.

• The case study does not disclose contract value, revenue to Anthropic, or whether spring.new contracted directly with Anthropic or through Google ²⁶.

• An Israeli Ministry of Finance publication dated 20 February 2025 includes a January 2025 entry described as “Anthropic – Claude AI in AWS cloud” with 59,000.00 in the amount column ²⁷.

• The procurement entry does not identify an end user beyond the ministry, model use, workload, duration, or use by the IDF or Ministry of Defense ²⁷.

• No public evidence identified of an Anthropic-specific IDF or Ministry of Defense contract.

• Who Profits, an NGO secondary source, states that Matrix’s fully owned Matrix IT Global Services/Talpiot operation is located in the Modi’in Illit settlement and places CloudZone within the Matrix group ²⁸.

• Matrix’s FY2024 filing independently confirms both its Talpiot employment program and CloudZone’s group relationship, but does not clearly identify Modi’in Illit in the relevant passages ⁵.

• No public evidence identified that Claude was marketed, implemented, or sold through the reported Modi’in Illit operation, or that an Anthropic transaction involved a settlement customer ³²⁸.

• Matrix’s FY2024 report describes work for Israel’s Ministry of Defense and security organizations and plans to strengthen defense-sector engagement and Nimbus marketplace sales, but no checked source identifies Claude as part of those projects ⁵.

• The January 2025 Ministry of Finance purchase, the 2025–2026 reported Israeli institutional investments, and the March 2026 CloudZone reseller relationship all postdate July and November 2024 reference points, while the sources do not document Anthropic’s knowledge of settlement-linked activity by CloudZone’s parent ^3271718.

• No public evidence identified of an Anthropic-owned office, support center, warehouse, retail location, workforce count, payroll entity, tax residency, Preferred Technology Enterprise status, or Israel Innovation Authority grant in Israel or occupied territory ²⁹²⁵.

Corporate Structure & Foundational Ties

• Anthropic identifies itself as a U.S. public benefit corporation headquartered in San Francisco, and its governance announcement identifies it as a Delaware public benefit corporation ¹⁰³⁰.

• No public evidence identified that Anthropic was founded, originally incorporated, or principally headquartered in Israel.

• Anthropic identifies its board members as Dario Amodei, Daniela Amodei, Yasmin Razavi, Reed Hastings, Chris Liddell, and Vas Narasimhan ²⁹.

• No Israeli state appointee is identified in Anthropic’s published board list ²⁹.

• Anthropic’s Long-Term Benefit Trust holds a special class of shares and is designed to elect and, over time, appoint a majority of the board ³⁰.

• The disclosed trust structure is presented as part of Anthropic’s public-benefit mission rather than an Israeli state or policy mechanism ³⁰.

• No public evidence identified of Israeli state ownership, a government-appointed director, a golden share, an Israeli charter restriction, Israeli beneficial control, or designation of Anthropic itself as Israeli critical national infrastructure.

• The Ministry of Finance procurement entry establishes a government-customer relationship involving Claude on AWS, but does not establish Israeli state ownership or governance control of Anthropic ²⁷.

• No public evidence identified of material personal or family-office investment in an Israeli company attributable to Dario Amodei, Daniela Amodei, Yasmin Razavi, Reed Hastings, Chris Liddell, or Vas Narasimhan ²⁹.

• The reported Decart discussions remained uncompleted at the research cutoff, so no acquired Israeli corporate identity, ownership percentage, workforce, manufacturing footprint, or post-acquisition defense or settlement linkage can be assigned ²⁰.

Profit Repatriation & Economic Contribution

• Anthropic does not publicly disclose revenue specifically attributable to Israel, and its Economic Index reports usage shares rather than sales, billings, or profit ²⁴.

• No public evidence identified showing the amount or direction of profit repatriation from Israeli Claude sales.

• The Ministry of Finance procurement entry records 59,000.00 for “Anthropic – Claude AI in AWS cloud,” but does not disclose allocation among Anthropic, AWS, Google Cloud, CloudZone, taxes, transfer pricing, or profit location ²⁷.

• The reported Clal and Migdal transactions indicate capital flowing from Israeli institutions into Anthropic, rather than disclosed Anthropic dividends or distributed profits flowing to those investors ¹⁸¹⁹.

• Available evidence supports Israeli market usage, an Israeli commercial customer, a Tel Aviv-headquartered reseller, and one disclosed government procurement line ^24342726.

• No public government or industry designation identified Anthropic as a key Israeli employer, sector anchor, national-infrastructure provider, or dominant supplier ^2432726.