Target: Sabra Hummus / Sabra Dipping Company, LLC Research date: 26 October 2026 Scope: Direct operations, sourcing, ownership, investments and economic relationships involving Israel and occupied territories.
Supply Chain & Sourcing Relationships
Direct agricultural suppliers
Sabra identifies family-owned farms in the Pacific Northwest of the United States as the source of chickpeas used in its hummus; its current corporate information and consumer FAQ identify the same regional sourcing arrangement.1, 2
In a published interview, Sabra executive Joey Bergstein described the company as sourcing most of its chickpeas from the Pacific Northwest and discussed its relationships with regional agricultural growers.3
In May 2020, Sabra announced a programme to develop tahini-grade sesame cultivation in the United States, with procurement executive Susan Hickey describing an objective to source most sesame from American growers in the future; confirmation that this objective was achieved was not established. [pre-2020 does not apply; 2020 historical programme, current completion unknown].4
Sabra’s current product FAQ confirms that its hummus varieties contain tahini derived from sesame seeds, without identifying the countries of origin of all sesame inputs.5
Israeli agricultural suppliers
No public evidence identified of a direct Sabra procurement contract with Mehadrin, Hadiklaim, Galilee Export, Agrexco successors or another named Israeli agricultural exporter.
No public evidence identified of verified purchases of Israeli-origin dates, avocados, citrus, herbs, potatoes or chickpeas by Sabra.
Importer-of-record structure
No public evidence identified of a Sabra-owned Israeli import entity, joint venture acting as importer of record, or dedicated importer for products originating in Israel or occupied territories.
Seasonal procurement
No public evidence identified of recurring Sabra procurement from Israeli suppliers during December–April or another identifiable seasonal purchasing period.
Third-party distribution and indirect sourcing
Sabra’s current product information identifies the United States and Canada as its distribution markets and Mexico as the manufacturing country for Sabra guacamole.6
No public evidence identified of Israeli-origin ingredients entering Sabra products through a named third-party distributor, intermediary, reseller or private-label arrangement.
Geographic limits of sourcing disclosures
Sabra’s disclosures identify the production region of its chickpeas and US hummus manufacturing but do not provide an ingredient-by-ingredient country-of-origin inventory for all product components.1, 5
Product Origin, Labeling & Regulatory Compliance
Manufacturing origin
Sabra identifies Chesterfield County, Virginia, as the location where its hummus is manufactured and the Pacific Northwest as the source of its chickpeas.1
Sabra’s consumer FAQ identifies Mexico as the country where its guacamole is produced.6
Chesterfield County government reporting in 2024 independently identified Sabra among established manufacturers operating in the county.7
Historical corporate representation
In a letter dated 25 October 2024, Sabra stated that its hummus was manufactured in Virginia and its products were produced and distributed in North America; these are statements made by the company concerning its operations at that date.8
Settlement-origin products
No public evidence identified of Sabra-branded products confirmed to originate in settlements in the occupied West Bank, East Jerusalem or Golan Heights.
No public evidence identified of a Sabra product labelled “Produce of Israel” being traced through a verified customs, regulatory or NGO investigation to a settlement-origin producer.
Country-of-origin labelling enforcement
The US Food and Drug Administration’s March 2021 Sabra recall concerned possible Salmonella contamination of Classic Hummus, and the agency subsequently recorded termination of the recall; the published enforcement record does not concern Israeli or settlement-origin labelling.9
The FDA’s December 2021 warning letter addressed food-safety controls at Sabra’s manufacturing facility and identified regulatory failures concerning sanitary manufacturing and preventive controls.10
No public evidence identified of a customs, DEFRA, FDA or comparable regulatory enforcement action against Sabra for mislabelling Israeli settlement-origin food products.
Corporate settlement-sourcing policy
No public evidence identified of a Sabra corporate policy expressly addressing sourcing from, or geographic labelling of products originating in, Israeli settlements.
Product provenance limitations
The company’s current public FAQ identifies the sourcing region of chickpeas but does not establish the geographic origin of every tahini, oil, seasoning or packaging input.2, 5
Investment, Capital & Financial Exposure
Sabra ownership and direct investment
PepsiCo and Israel-headquartered Strauss Group operated Sabra as a 50/50 joint venture from 2008 until December 2024.11
PepsiCo announced on 22 November 2024 that it had agreed to acquire Strauss Group’s remaining 50% interest in Sabra and its interest in the separate Obela joint venture.11
PepsiCo’s FY2024 Form 10-K records completion of the Sabra acquisition on 3 December 2024 for approximately $241 million in cash, after which Sabra became wholly owned by PepsiCo.12
PepsiCo’s FY2025 Form 10-K continued to identify Sabra as a wholly-owned subsidiary in its North American foods business.13
Historical Israeli ownership
Before the transaction, the Israeli economic connection through Strauss Group consisted of a controlling joint-venture shareholder rather than a documented Sabra manufacturing subsidiary in Israel.11, 12
Strauss Group reported in March 2025 that its Sabra and Obela divestments generated consideration of approximately NIS 891 million, net income of NIS 356 million and net cash flow of NIS 723 million.14
These proceeds relate to the completed sale of the former joint-venture holdings in 2024.12, 14
Parent-group Israeli operating acquisitions
PepsiCo agreed in August 2018 to acquire the Israeli company SodaStream International Ltd. for approximately $3.2 billion, offering $144 per share for all outstanding shares. [pre-2020; acquisition completed].15
PepsiCo confirmed completion of its acquisition of all outstanding SodaStream shares on 5 December 2018. [pre-2020; ownership subsequently documented through PepsiCo operations].16
In May 2021, PepsiCo identified a SodaStream quality-control manager working at its Lehavim, Israel, location and described production operations at the site.17
An August 2018 report in Globes recorded statements by PepsiCo’s incoming CEO that the company intended to retain SodaStream production in Israel and establish an additional production facility there. [pre-2020; historical commitment, current fulfilment not fully established by that source].18
SodaStream is a separately acquired PepsiCo operating business; the cited acquisition disclosures identify PepsiCo as the acquirer rather than Sabra.15, 16
No public evidence identified that Sabra itself owns any equity in SodaStream.
Acquired Israeli operating subsidiaries - Sabra
No public evidence identified of an Israeli operating company acquired or controlled directly by Sabra.
Acquired Israeli operating subsidiaries - parent group
SodaStream International Ltd. is an identified Israeli-origin operating company acquired under PepsiCo’s control in December 2018 for approximately $3.2 billion; the transaction covered all outstanding shares, while the precise current Israeli manufacturing workforce and revenues are not disclosed in the transaction announcement.15, 16
PepsiCo’s 2021 employee profile independently documents a manufacturing presence at Lehavim, Israel, following the acquisition.17
No public evidence identified in the reviewed records of a direct SodaStream defence-industry contract, military production agreement or settlement-specific operation attributable to its current PepsiCo ownership.
R&D and innovation centres
No public evidence identified of an Israeli research laboratory, accelerator, engineering office or innovation centre operated by Sabra.
No public evidence identified establishing a specific Israeli R&D facility attributable to Sabra through a named contractual arrangement.
Portfolio investments and Israeli sovereign debt
No public evidence identified of Sabra directly holding Israeli sovereign bonds, Israel Bonds, shares in Israeli-domiciled companies or Israel-focused investment funds.
No public evidence identified of Sabra underwriting Israeli sovereign debt, arranging war bonds, financing Israeli defence contractors or insuring Israeli military or settlement operations.
Controlling principals and personal investment
A published interview identifies Joey Bergstein as joining Sabra as President and CEO in August 2021; it does not establish his continued tenure as of October 2026.3
A May 2020 Sabra sourcing announcement identifies Tomer Harpaz as CEO at that date and Susan Hickey as senior director of procurement and sustainability.4
No public evidence identified of material personal or family-office investments in Israeli companies by those identified Sabra executives.
Historical military-financing allegations and direct-company attribution
In its letter dated 25 October 2024, Sabra stated that it did not financially support military or political operations; the statement was issued while the company remained jointly owned by PepsiCo and Strauss Group.8, 11
No public evidence identified in the reviewed primary records of direct payments from Sabra to an Israeli military unit or a settlement organisation.
Temporal ownership boundary
Strauss Group’s 50% ownership remained in place after 19 July 2024 and ended on 3 December 2024, following the November 2024 sale agreement.11, 12
The completed December 2024 divestment also occurred after the ICC arrest warrants issued in November 2024.12
Operational Presence & Market Activity
Sabra physical operations
Sabra identifies New York as its corporate base and Chesterfield County, Virginia, as the production location for its hummus.1
Sabra’s current corporate description identifies the United States and Canada as its operating and distribution markets.1
Its historic Canadian corporate profile identifies Canada as a commercial market served since 2008.19
No public evidence identified of Sabra-operated offices, warehouses, manufacturing plants, retail stores or distribution depots in Israel.
No public evidence identified of Sabra-operated facilities or commercial branches within settlements in the West Bank, East Jerusalem or Golan Heights.
Workforce
In October 2024, Sabra reported more than 500 employees based across the United States and Canada; a directly comparable October 2026 workforce figure was not established.8
Israeli operational presence at the parent-group level
PepsiCo acquired Israeli operating manufacturer SodaStream in December 2018, establishing direct parent-group ownership of an Israeli business. [pre-2020 acquisition; subsequent Israeli activity documented].16, 17
PepsiCo’s May 2021 reporting identifies SodaStream manufacturing activity at Lehavim, Israel.17
An August 2018 Globes report documented PepsiCo management’s commitment at the time to continued Israeli manufacturing and planned expansion. [pre-2020; current capacity not quantified].18
Israeli employment and taxes
No public evidence identified of Sabra maintaining employees or payroll tax registration in Israel.
No public evidence identified of Sabra possessing Israeli tax residency or Preferred Technology Enterprise status.
No public evidence identified establishing an October 2026 Israeli tax contribution attributable specifically to Sabra.
No public evidence identified establishing SodaStream’s October 2026 Israeli workforce size or direct Israeli tax contribution.
Israeli market positioning
PepsiCo’s November 2024 announcement characterised Sabra as a North American fresh-dips brand with almost $400 million in US retail sales; it identified the Sabra business as operating in the United States and Canada.11
No public evidence identified of Sabra management identifying Israel as a strategic sales market, regional headquarters, major export destination or core manufacturing base.
Distribution into settlements
No public evidence identified of Sabra supplying a named distributor, franchisee, retailer or licensee operating in an Israeli settlement.
No public evidence identified of Sabra’s products being listed through a verified settlement-specific sales channel.
Corporate Structure & Foundational Ties
Founding history
Sabra’s current corporate history identifies its origin in Queens, New York, in 1986.1
The company’s historic Canadian profile identifies its founding name as Sabra Blue & White Foods and its establishment in Queens in 1986.19
Israeli-Nexus Floor - founding jurisdiction
Sabra’s own historical disclosures identify its founding location as New York rather than Israel.1, 19
Israeli-Nexus Floor - headquarters and management
Sabra identifies New York as its headquarters and the United States and Canada as its principal operating markets.1
No public evidence identified of Sabra’s headquarters or principal place of management being located in Israel.
Israeli-Nexus Floor - taxation
No public evidence identified of Sabra being an Israeli tax resident or holding Israeli PTE status.
Israeli-Nexus Floor - ownership and control
Israeli-domiciled Strauss Group held a 50% joint-venture interest in Sabra before its completed sale to PepsiCo on 3 December 2024.11, 12
PepsiCo’s FY2025 Form 10-K confirms that Sabra remained a wholly-owned PepsiCo subsidiary after the acquisition.13
Historical corporate relationship
Sabra’s historical Canadian corporate profile describes the earlier ownership arrangement involving PepsiCo and Strauss Group; that description predates the December 2024 transaction and is superseded by the subsequent SEC disclosures.19, 13
Parent and subsidiary relationships
Sabra and Obela were separate refrigerated-dips joint ventures involving PepsiCo and Strauss Group before PepsiCo acquired the outstanding Strauss interests in December 2024.11
PepsiCo’s SodaStream acquisition was a separate transaction completed in 2018, involving an Israeli operating manufacturer rather than the Sabra legal entity.16
Governance and state linkage
No public evidence identified of the Israeli state holding equity directly in Sabra.
No public evidence identified of Israeli government-appointed directors, golden shares, veto rights or charter provisions governing Sabra.
No public evidence identified of Sabra holding an Israeli government defence, infrastructure or settlement-services contract.
Founders, executives and board-related economic interests
The published executive interview identifies Joey Bergstein’s appointment in August 2021 and describes his previous consumer-goods management background.3
No public evidence identified of a material controlling-principal investment vehicle linking a named Sabra founder, CEO, Chair or board member to Israeli defence manufacturers or settlement enterprises.
Profit Repatriation & Economic Contribution
Historic ownership-linked economic flows
Between the establishment of the PepsiCo–Strauss joint venture in 2008 and the December 2024 acquisition, Strauss Group held an equity interest through which it participated in the financial performance of Sabra.11, 12
PepsiCo paid approximately $241 million in cash to acquire Strauss Group’s remaining 50% Sabra interest on 3 December 2024.12
Strauss Group’s March 2025 reporting attributed approximately NIS 891 million in sale consideration to its combined Sabra and Obela divestments, alongside NIS 356 million of net income and NIS 723 million of net cash flow.14
The reported sale proceeds represent a documented capital flow to the former Israeli shareholder during the divestment transaction.12, 14
Post-divestment profit flows
PepsiCo’s FY2025 Form 10-K identifies Sabra as a wholly-owned subsidiary following the completed acquisition.13
No public evidence identified of a continuing Strauss Group equity-based entitlement to Sabra profits after 3 December 2024.
No public evidence identified of post-divestment royalty, licensing, management-fee or other contractual payments from Sabra to Strauss Group.
Revenue attributable to Israel
PepsiCo’s November 2024 announcement reported almost $400 million in annual US retail sales for the Sabra brand.11
No public evidence identified of separately disclosed Sabra revenue generated in Israel or attributable to customers in Israeli settlements.
Israeli parent-group economic contribution
PepsiCo’s completed $3.2 billion acquisition of SodaStream in 2018 constituted a separately documented investment in an Israeli-origin manufacturing business. [pre-2020; acquisition completed].15, 16
PepsiCo’s 2021 documentation places SodaStream manufacturing activity at Lehavim, Israel, confirming a historical operating contribution through employment and production.17
No public evidence identified establishing a quantified October 2026 Israeli tax contribution, revenue figure, operating profit or payroll amount for SodaStream.
Sector significance
At the November 2024 acquisition announcement, PepsiCo described Sabra as a leading US hummus brand and cited almost $400 million in US retail sales.11
Chesterfield County’s 2024 economic-development reporting identifies Sabra as an established local manufacturer contributing to the county’s commercial and industrial base.7
No public evidence identified of Sabra holding a designated strategic role in Israel’s food-manufacturing sector, agricultural infrastructure, defence supply chain or settlement economy.
Settlement-specific economic contribution
No public evidence identified of Sabra deriving verified revenue from settlement customers, making direct investments in settlement infrastructure, purchasing documented settlement-origin inputs or remitting settlement-specific fees or taxes.
Footnotes
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Sabra Dipping Company, About Us, corporate history, manufacturing and distribution disclosures. https://www.sabra.com/about-us ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8
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Sabra Dipping Company, FAQ: Where is Sabra hummus produced? https://www.sabra.com/faqs/where-sabra-hummus-produced ↩ ↩2
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Business for Good Podcast, Episode 113, interview and profile of Joey Bergstein. https://businessforgoodpodcast.com/episodes/113-joey-bergstein-hummus-as-a-force-for-good-and-the-sabra-story ↩ ↩2 ↩3
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Sabra Dipping Company, May 2020 announcement concerning US cultivation of tahini-grade sesame seeds, reproduced by Y’all.com on 11 June 2020. https://yall.com/healthy-living/sabra-grow-unique-tahini-grade-sesame-seeds-ok-tx/ ↩ ↩2
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Sabra Dipping Company, FAQ: Do Sabra products contain sesame or tahini? https://www.sabra.com/faqs/do-sabra-products-contain-sesame-or-tahini ↩ ↩2 ↩3
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Sabra Dipping Company, Product FAQs, geographic production and distribution disclosures. https://www.sabra.com/faqs ↩ ↩2
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Chesterfield County, Virginia, 2024 economic-development report identifying Sabra among established manufacturers. https://www.chesterfield.gov/m/newsflash/Home/Detail/5517 ↩ ↩2
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Sabra Dipping Company, letter to Willy Street Co-op dated 25 October 2024, published December 2024. https://www.willystreet.coop/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Sabra-Letter-to-Willy-Street-Co-op-about-Sabra-10.25.24.pdf ↩ ↩2 ↩3
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US Food and Drug Administration, Sabra Dipping Company voluntary recall announcement, 29 March 2021. https://www.fda.gov/safety/recalls-market-withdrawals-safety-alerts/sabra-dipping-company-issues-limited-voluntary-recall-single-sku-classic-hummus ↩
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US Food and Drug Administration, Warning Letter to Sabra Dipping Company, LLC, 1 December 2021. https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/sabra-dipping-company-llc-615938-12012021 ↩
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PepsiCo, announcement of agreement to acquire full ownership of Sabra and Obela, 22 November 2024. https://www.pepsico.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2024/pepsico-to-acquire-full-ownership-of-sabra-and-obela ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8 ↩9 ↩10 ↩11
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PepsiCo, FY2024 Form 10-K, Note 13, acquisition of remaining ownership in Sabra. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/77476/000007747625000007/pep-20241228.htm ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6 ↩7 ↩8 ↩9
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PepsiCo, FY2025 Form 10-K, business operations and acquisition disclosures. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/77476/000007747626000007/pep-20251227.htm ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4
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Strauss Group, Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Results, 25 March 2025, company-hosted English financial results announcement. https://ir.strauss-group.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Strauss-Group-Q4-FY-2024-results-PR-ENG-ACC-PDFUA.pdf ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4
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PepsiCo, SEC-filed announcement of agreement to acquire SodaStream International Ltd., 20 August 2018. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/77476/000110465918052717/a18-20002_1ex99d1.htm ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4
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PepsiCo, completion of acquisition of SodaStream International Ltd., 5 December 2018. https://www.pepsico.com/newsroom/press-releases/2018/pepsico-completes-acquisition-of-sodastream-international-ltd ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5 ↩6
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PepsiCo, employee profile identifying SodaStream operations in Lehavim, Israel, 12 May 2021. https://www.pepsico.com/newsroom/stories/2021/3-women-at-pepsico-on-what-empowerment-means-to-them ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5
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Globes, report on PepsiCo’s commitment to retain SodaStream manufacturing in Israel, 20 August 2018. https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-pepsico-ceo-commits-to-keeping-sodastream-in-israel-15-years-1001250750 ↩ ↩2
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Sabra Dipping Canada, historical company profile and founding history. https://sabradips.ca/en/about/dip-life-to-the-fullest/ ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4