TripAdvisor ECONOMIC

Supply Chain & Sourcing Relationships

Business model. Amnesty International describes Tripadvisor as a platform where businesses list services for free and the company earns revenue from advertising and from booking commissions of 12–15% on accommodation reservations, rather than as a seller or importer of physical goods (Amnesty chapter published 30 January 2019, [pre-2020], current status unknown) ¹.

Direct supplier relationships. No public evidence identified of any commercial relationship between Tripadvisor and Israeli agricultural aggregators or exporters such as Mehadrin, Hadiklaim, Galilee Export or Agrexco successors, and no product categories (Medjool dates, avocados, citrus, herbs, potatoes) are attributed to it in the Who Profits entry, the Amnesty chapter or the FY2025 Form 10-K portions reviewed ^{2, 1, 3}.

Importer of record. No public evidence identified of a wholly-owned subsidiary, joint venture or import entity acting as importer of record for Israeli-origin goods ^{3, 2}.

Seasonal sourcing. No public evidence identified of recurring seasonal procurement from Israeli suppliers ^{3, 2}.

Third-party and indirect sourcing. No public evidence identified of Israeli-origin goods reaching Tripadvisor shelves through distributors, resellers or white-label arrangements, because the sources describe a listing and booking platform ^{1, 2}.

Listing relationship, not procurement. Who Profits lists settlement wineries among the businesses displayed on Tripadvisor platforms (Psagot in Mateh Binyamin, Drimia in Susya, La Foret Blanche in Beit Yatir, Beit El Winery, and Har Bracha Winery), and this is a listing relationship rather than a documented purchase or supply contract (page states validity to 02/07/2026; listings collection date not given; status unknown) ².

Product Origin, Labeling & Regulatory Compliance

Settlement-origin goods. No public evidence identified of DEFRA, customs or other regulatory audit findings on “Produce of Israel” goods sold by Tripadvisor, because the sources concern tourism listings rather than physical goods ^{2, 1}.

NGO findings on listing location labelling. Amnesty reported in January 2019 [pre-2020] that Tripadvisor’s location descriptions were inconsistent: ruins at Shiloh were listed at “Road 60, Ariel 483000, Palestinian Territories” without noting the settlement location, an apartment in Nof Ofra was listed as in “Jerusalem District, Israel”, and the Caliber 3 centre in Gush Etzion was listed as “Gush Etzion, Israel” ¹.

Amnesty on the verification process. Amnesty stated that Tripadvisor requires suppliers to provide information that is “true, accurate, current and complete” but found the company was not adequately monitoring this, and that Tripadvisor did not respond to Amnesty’s pre-publication letter ^{1, 4}.

Government advisories and enforcement. No public evidence identified of a government advisory, citation or enforcement action against Tripadvisor concerning settlement labelling in the sources reviewed ^{1, 2}.

Corporate policy statements (2019–2020). In a 2019 blog post quoted by Amnesty, Tripadvisor said the issue “is a sensitive matter with cultural and political implications” and that “The listing of a property or business on TripAdvisor does not represent our endorsement of that establishment” (quoted 25–26 June 2020; originally 2019, [pre-2020] for the blog; older than five years; current policy unknown) ^{5, 6}.

Communications director statement (July 2019). Tripadvisor’s communications director Brian Hoyt said the company aims for an “apolitical, accurate and useful picture” of businesses open worldwide, that listing is not endorsement, that it does not remove listings of businesses that remain open, and that its practices match industry and internet search standards (10 July 2019, [pre-2020]; reported by Patch, Needham) ⁷.

Amnesty’s assessment of the response. Amnesty said in June 2020 that Tripadvisor had not changed its policies since the earlier response, and that it did not respond to Amnesty’s requests for comment before a petition of more than 300,000 signatures was sent to the then-CEO Stephen Kaufer on 25 June 2020 (older than five years; current position unknown) ⁵.

Group policy documents. No Tripadvisor Global Human Rights Policy text was retrieved. A shareholder proposal filed for the 2024 proxy asked for a report on implementation of the company’s Global Human Rights Policy in conflict-affected and high-risk areas (CAHRA), filed by Mercy Investment Services, Inc., The Episcopal Church and Portico Benefit Services, and an opposition filing by Bowyer Research describes the proponents’ statement as referring to “Israeli settlements in occupied Palestinian territory” ⁸. The proposal was withdrawn before the 11 June 2024 annual meeting and was not voted on ⁹.

Investment, Capital & Financial Exposure

Foreign direct investment. No public evidence identified of Tripadvisor investment in factories, data centres, logistics hubs or real estate in Israel or the occupied territories; the FY2025 Form 10-K states “As of December 31, 2025, we do not own any real estate” ³.

Acquired Israeli subsidiaries (Acquired-Identity). No public evidence identified of any Israeli operating company acquired or controlled by Tripadvisor; the Who Profits subsidiary list names Viator, Inc., FlipKey, LLC, Bokun LLC, Owl Analytics, Inc., SinglePlatform, LLC and Tripadvisor entities in the UK, Europe, Asia-Pacific and China, but no Israeli entity, and its country list does not include Israel ².

R&D and innovation centres. No public evidence identified of Tripadvisor research and development facilities, innovation labs or accelerator programmes in Israel ^{3, 2}.

Parent and beneficial ownership flows. As of 31 December 2024, Liberty TripAdvisor Holdings, Inc. (LTRIP) beneficially owned approximately 11% of Tripadvisor’s outstanding common stock; the merger closed on 29 April 2025 and LTRIP became an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Tripadvisor, after which Tripadvisor is “no longer a ‘controlled company’” under Nasdaq rules (continuing as of the FY2025 Form 10-K) ³.

Buyout terms. Starboard’s February 2026 criticism states Tripadvisor bought out Liberty Tripadvisor Holdings at $16.28 per share ¹⁰.

Activist shareholder. Starboard Value disclosed a 9% stake in Tripadvisor on 3 July 2025, describing the shares as an attractive investment opportunity ¹¹. In February 2026 Starboard escalated, planning to nominate directors to win majority control of the eight-member board and questioning why Greg Maffei remained chair (outcome of the 2026 annual meeting not established in sources reviewed) ¹⁰. Who Profits lists Starboard Value LP at 8.13% ².

Other holders listed by Who Profits. BlackRock Advisors LLC (13.68%), Vanguard Fiduciary Trust Co. (10.75%), Ameriprise Financial Services LLC (6.34%), State Street Corporation (4.24%) and Certares Management (4.06%) (page valid to 02/07/2026) ².

Portfolio and fund exposure. No public evidence identified of Tripadvisor or LTRIP holdings in Israeli-domiciled companies, Israeli sovereign bonds or Israel-focused funds in the sources reviewed ^{3, 2}.

Operational Presence & Market Activity

Physical footprint. The FY2025 Form 10-K reports leased space of about 280,000 square feet for the corporate headquarters in Needham, Massachusetts and about 172,000 square feet across nearly 25 locations in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific ³. The Who Profits country list for Tripadvisor does not include Israel ². No public evidence identified of offices, sales operations, support centres, warehouses or retail locations operated by Tripadvisor in Israel or the occupied territories.

Employment and tax. The FY2025 Form 10-K states Tripadvisor had approximately 2,590 employees ³. No public evidence identified of an Israeli workforce, Israeli tax registration or PTE status.

Market positioning in filings. The portion of the FY2025 Form 10-K reviewed refers to Israel once, in a risk factor stating that “conflicts between Ukraine and Russia and Israel and Hamas have impacted travel to those regions and the surrounding regions” ³. No public evidence identified of the company describing Israel as a strategic growth market or regional hub.

Third-party assessment of Israel reach. Amnesty stated in January 2019 [pre-2020] that Tripadvisor was the second most visited information website, after Google, among foreign tourists arriving in Israel, and that in 2017 over 800,000 people, more than a quarter of arriving foreign tourists, said they consulted it before arrival (current status unknown) ¹.

Settlement listings: Who Profits. Who Profits classifies Tripadvisor, Inc. under “Settlement Enterprise” and “Services to the Settlements”, with listings including 8 West Bank accommodations (Ariel, Kfar Etzion, Karnei Shomron, Alon, Ma’ale Adumim, Nofei Prat), Gush Etzion attractions including the Caliber 3 shooting range, restaurants in Ariel, the D-City shopping centre in Ma’ale Adumim, 3 East Jerusalem accommodations (two in Pisgat Ze’ev, one at French Hill), City of David tours and a museum at Ammunition Hill, and 38 listings across 13 Syrian Golan settlements (page valid to 02/07/2026; listings collection date not given) ². The same entry lists Viator tours in the City of David and Old City under “things to do in Israel” ².

Settlement listings: Amnesty. Amnesty (30 January 2019, [pre-2020]) found more than 70 attractions, tours, restaurants, cafés, hotels and rental apartments in at least 27 West Bank settlements including East Jerusalem, with five hotels of more than 50 rooms, four tours run by Elad in East Jerusalem, five holiday rentals, a Dead Sea “desert safari” and Caliber 3, a “2-hour shooting experience” at US$170 per person ^{1, 4}. Amnesty identified holidaylettings.co.uk and viator.com as Tripadvisor-owned brands allowing direct booking of settlement attractions or accommodation ¹.

Settlement listings: earlier and secondary. The AFSC profile (valid as of 21 August 2022) cites Who Profits 2017 [pre-2020] for properties in at least five West Bank settlements including East Jerusalem and at least eight Golan Heights settlements, and cites Reuters reporting that Tripadvisor handles bookings for Caliber 3, described as a “counter-terrorism boot camp” in a West Bank settlement ¹². A 2019 Al Jazeera op-ed republished by the Business & Human Rights Resource Centre states Tripadvisor prominently featured the City of David site managed by the Elad Foundation, acted as booking agent and profited from each booking, which is the author’s characterisation ¹³.

HRW report not on Tripadvisor. The 2018 Human Rights Watch report on settlement rentals does not name Tripadvisor in the portion reviewed and states that its research excludes review or referral websites ¹⁴.

Act record: settlement listings and bookings. The acting entity named by Amnesty, AFSC and Who Profits is “Tripadvisor” or “Tripadvisor, Inc.”, with Viator, Inc. as the booking subsidiary for tours; the exact legal entity operating each listing is not established in the sources ^{2, 12, 1}. Recipients and beneficiaries are the listed settlement businesses, including Elad-run City of David tours and Caliber 3 ^{1, 2}. The channels are the company’s tripadvisor.com and viator.com sites (Who Profits reviewed the TripAdvisor and Viator websites; Amnesty names tripadvisor.com, viator.com and holidaylettings.co.uk) ^{2, 1}. The earliest dated observation is Who Profits 2017 [pre-2020] and the latest is the Who Profits entry valid to 02/07/2026 with no collection date ^{12, 2}. Status is unknown: the sources do not establish removal of the listings, and the company’s stated 2019–2020 position was that open businesses are not removed ^{7, 5}.

Act record: public communication on listings. The acting entity is Tripadvisor (a blog post quoted by Amnesty, and statements by communications director Brian Hoyt) ^{5, 7}. The channels are Tripadvisor’s own blog (domain not established from the sources) and press statements reported by Patch and Middle East Eye ^{7, 6}. The dated observations run from 12 February 2019 (response entry listed by the Business & Human Rights Resource Centre) to 26 June 2020 ^{13, 6}. Status is unknown; no later statement was found and persistence and audience are not established.

Constructive notice (post-19 July 2024 and post-November 2024). The 2024 shareholder proposal on conflict-affected areas was filed for the 11 June 2024 meeting, before the ICJ advisory opinion, and was withdrawn before the vote ^{8, 9}. After the ICJ opinion and the ICC warrants, press reports say Tripadvisor remained on the UN database in September 2025 and again in the 2026 update, in which the UN found reasonable grounds that listed firms were involved in the listed activities ^{15, 16, 17}. In the 2025 update seven firms were removed because they were no longer involved in the listed activities, and Tripadvisor was not among those reported removed ¹⁵. Whether the underlying listings continued is not independently established by an opened Tripadvisor page.

Corporate Structure & Foundational Ties

Founding and incorporation. Tripadvisor LLC was founded on 14 February 2000 by Stephen Kaufer, Langley Steinert, Nick Shanny and Thomas Palka; IAC/InterActiveCorp acquired it in 2004, Expedia completed the spin-off of Tripadvisor as a public company in December 2011, and Wikipedia does not specify the founding location ¹⁸. No public evidence identified that Tripadvisor was founded or incorporated in Israel or that it is an acquired entity with Israeli-origin brand identity.

Headquarters and domicile. The FY2025 Form 10-K and Who Profits identify the corporate headquarters at Needham, Massachusetts, USA, with a Nasdaq listing under TRIP ^{3, 2}. No public evidence identified of dual or legacy headquarters in Israel.

Israeli-Nexus Floor factors. Founded in Israel: no public evidence identified ¹⁸. HQ or principal place of management in Israel: no public evidence identified, as the headquarters is in Needham, Massachusetts ³. Israeli tax residency or PTE status: no public evidence identified ^{3, 2}. Beneficial ownership or control by Israeli capital: no public evidence identified in the Who Profits shareholder list, which names BlackRock, Vanguard, Starboard Value, Ameriprise, State Street, Certares and other institutions ².

State and institutional linkages. No public evidence identified of Israeli state ownership stakes, government board appointees, government contracts or critical national infrastructure designation ^{3, 2}.

Structural governance features. The former controlling holder was removed on 29 April 2025 and the company is no longer a “controlled company” ³. No public evidence identified of golden shares, charter restrictions or other mechanisms tying the company to the Israeli state or its policy objectives.

UN OHCHR database: 2020. Wikipedia states the UN published its database on 12 February 2020 and that Tripadvisor was listed for “the provision of services and utilities supporting the maintenance and existence of settlements” (older than five years) ¹⁸. AFSC and Amnesty UK likewise report Tripadvisor among the companies named, and Amnesty UK links it to a settler-managed heritage site in Susiya ^{12, 19}. The Middle East Eye report of 26 June 2020 also says the UN list included Tripadvisor ⁶.

UN OHCHR database: 2025 and 2026. Dawn reports Trip Advisor remained on the list in the 2025 update (158 firms from 11 countries, 68 added and seven removed) and dates the release to 27 September 2025, while The National dates the update to 26 September 2025 and lists Expedia Group, Booking Holdings and Airbnb as remaining but does not mention Tripadvisor ^{15, 20}. JusticeInfo reports that Tripadvisor remained on the database in an update released 25 September 2026 (214 firms, 61 added, 5 removed) and is among 200 firms assessed as contributing to adverse impacts on the right to self-determination, and Ynet likewise lists Tripadvisor among the firms that remained ^{17, 16}. The primary UN documents could not be read, so these listing statements rest on press reports.

Specialist-database searches. Tripadvisor has an entry in the Who Profits database and an AFSC Investigate profile ^{2, 12}. The HRW tourism report does not cover it ¹⁴. A search for Tripadvisor in connection with UN A/HRC/59/23 returned no relevant result, so no statement is made about that report.

Named-entity record: Tripadvisor, Inc. Target; searched against Who Profits, AFSC, the UN database, Amnesty and its SEC filings; found settlement listings, UN database inclusion and no Israeli subsidiary, as set out above ^{2, 12, 3}.

Named-entity record: Liberty TripAdvisor Holdings, Inc. Former controlling holder (about 11% as of 31 December 2024) and indirect wholly owned subsidiary since 29 April 2025; searched with Tripadvisor, with no Israel-related holding found in the 10-K portions reviewed ³.

Named-entity record: Starboard Value LP. Activist holder (9% disclosed 3 July 2025; 8.13% per Who Profits); searched for Israel-related holdings, and none is established by the opened sources, so its Israeli investments, if any, are unverified ^{11, 2}.

Named-entity record: BlackRock Advisors LLC. Listed by Who Profits at 13.68%; not searched individually beyond the Who Profits entry, which identifies no Israel-specific act by it in relation to Tripadvisor ².

Named-entity record: Vanguard Fiduciary Trust Co. Listed by Who Profits at 10.75%; not searched individually beyond the Who Profits entry, which identifies no Israel-specific act by it in relation to Tripadvisor ².

Named-entity record: Greg Maffei. Chairman of Tripadvisor; searched with Israel and board terms, and the biography page reviewed mentions no Israel or Israeli company ²¹.

Named-entity record: Matt Goldberg. CEO and President since July 2022; searched with Israel, settlement and defence terms, none found ¹⁸.

Named-entity record: Stephen Kaufer. Co-founder and former CEO; a June 2015 profile says he honeymooned in Israel in 1989, his children visited including on Birthright Israel programmes, and that it mentions no Israeli office, Israel-specific business ties or Israel-specific donations ([pre-2020]; older than five years) ²².

Named-entity record: Robert S. Wiesenthal. Director per Wikipedia; not individually searched ¹⁸.

Named-entity record: Langley Steinert. Co-founder; not individually searched ¹⁸.

Named-entity record: Nick Shanny. Co-founder; not individually searched ¹⁸.

Named-entity record: Thomas Palka. Co-founder; not individually searched ¹⁸.

Named-entity record: Viator, Inc. Subsidiary listed by Who Profits as carrying City of David and Old City tours under “things to do in Israel”; Amnesty identifies viator.com as allowing direct booking of settlement attractions ^{2, 1}.

Named-entity record: FlipKey, LLC. Subsidiary named by Who Profits and AFSC; AFSC says FlipKey and Viator also advertise or book listings in settlements ^{2, 12}.

Profit Repatriation & Economic Contribution

Revenue attribution. No public evidence identified of Tripadvisor disclosing revenue generated from or attributed to Israel as a market in the portions of the FY2025 Form 10-K reviewed ³. Amnesty’s Chapter 4 gives a commission rate of 12–15% on accommodation bookings and a US$170 price for the Caliber 3 experience, but no revenue totals for Israel ¹.

Profit flows. Tripadvisor is a Nasdaq-listed company headquartered in Needham, Massachusetts ³. No public evidence identified of profits flowing into Israel through Israeli-domiciled ownership, or of repatriation from an Israeli subsidiary, as no Israeli entity or Israeli controlling owner is identified in the sources ^{2, 3}.

Economic ecosystem role. The only assessment identified is Amnesty’s January 2019 [pre-2020] characterisation of Tripadvisor as particularly influential in driving tourism to Israel and the occupied Palestinian territories ¹. Amnesty’s spokesperson also said in June 2020 that Tripadvisor listings “pump money into the settlement economy” (older than five years; Amnesty’s characterisation) ⁶. No public evidence identified of an Israeli government designation of Tripadvisor as a sector anchor or key employer.

Third-party characterisations. AFSC states that the activity supports the existence and expansion of settlements and cites 2020 student divestment resolutions at San Francisco State University and Fresno State referencing the UN list of 112 companies, which are advocacy positions and activism rather than findings of fact ¹².