Shell Energy ECONOMIC

Scope note. “Shell Energy” is a brand used by several Shell plc businesses. The public evidence located concerns the parent group, Shell plc, its venture arm and its predecessors rather than any entity named Shell Energy, so each entry names the acting entity where the source allows. Research date: 3 November 2026. ¹

Supply Chain & Sourcing Relationships

Direct supplier relationships, third-party sourcing, importer of record and seasonal sourcing. No public evidence identified of Shell Energy procuring Israeli agricultural produce (Mehadrin, Hadiklaim, Galilee Export, Agrexco successors) or acting as importer of record for Israeli produce; Shell Energy Australia describes its business as electricity, gas, environmental products and energy productivity services for commercial and industrial customers, with Powershop for households. ²

Crude oil supply to Israel (group level, Shell plc). AFSC Investigate describes Shell plc as a major supplier of crude oil to Israel and cites an Oil Change International estimate that Shell’s oil accounted for about 5% of the crude Israel imported between October 2023 and July 2024, naming Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Italy as Shell production locations; the AFSC profile is stated as valid as of 10 September 2025. ³

Mechanism as reported. The Business & Human Rights Resource Centre summary of the Oil Change work (10 September 2024) says Kazakh crude, about 22% of Israel’s imports, moves through the Caspian Pipeline Consortium, which Shell partly owns, and that a 30-kiloton shipment from the Val d’Agri project, where Shell holds 39%, was about 1% of Israel’s total. ⁴

Italian crude cargoes after the ICJ opinion (Greenpeace Italia and Rai 3 Report, May 2026). Greenpeace Italia reports, from an investigation with the Rai 3 programme Report, at least 17 shipments of fuel from Italian ports to Israel between June 2024 and November 2025, about 300,000 tonnes of refined products and about 100,000 tonnes of crude. ⁵ Three shipments left the Taranto terminal operated by Eni, two destined for the Paz group, and the crude came from the Tempa Rossa centre in Basilicata, owned by a joint venture of TotalEnergies EP Italia (50%), Shell E&P Italia (25%) and Mitsui E&P Italia B (25%). ⁵ Eni said it acted only as terminal operator and that one of the three shipments was handled by Shell without giving details on the other two; TotalEnergies told Report it was not involved in the cited shipments and Shell did not reply. ^{5, 6} The Greenpeace pages opened give no date, volume or named Israeli buyer for the Shell-handled cargo, and state only that eight of the nine shipments with identified buyers went to Bazan or Paz, which hold supply contracts with the Israeli Ministry of Defence or Air Force, and one to the state-owned Europe Asia Pipeline Company. ^{5, 6, 7} no public evidence identified of the date, volume or Israeli buyer of the Shell-handled cargo. ⁵

Seasalvia charter, Taranto (September 2025). Shipping Italy (25 September 2025) quotes the Taranto harbour-master commander that the tanker Seasalvia was chartered by Shell, with Eni only the loader, for about 30,000 tonnes of crude bound for Ashkelon, Israel, and reports that Eni decided on 24 September 2025 not to load, citing public-order information from local authorities, while describing itself as a mere terminal operator and owner of neither cargo nor ship. ⁸ L’Indipendente (26 September 2025) reports the ship, owned by the Greek company Thenamaris, as chartered by Shell, with a cargo of about 30,000 tonnes of crude described as destined for Israeli military aviation, and gives no Israeli buyer. ⁹ Meteoweb (29 September 2025) reports that the official destination was Egypt while the union USB and activists claimed the cargo was meant for the Israeli air force, that the ship left port on 28 September 2025, and that loading operations were completed. ¹⁰ Ports Europe (25 September 2025) describes the 30,000-tonne crude cargo and the Israeli military-aviation destination as an allegation behind a USB and Cobas protest, and does not name a charterer. ¹¹ Ports Europe (30 October 2025) reports a further USB protest at the Taranto Prefecture against the expected evening arrival of the Seasalvia on 30 October 2025, does not name a charterer, and does not report whether the ship arrived or loaded. ¹² The pages opened do not state that the September cargo came from Tempa Rossa or that it is the cargo Eni attributed to Shell, and no Shell statement was found; the exact Shell legal entity that chartered the ship is not identified. ^{8, 9, 10}

Downstream recipients. AFSC names Bazan, Delek, Paz and Sonol as the Israeli companies that refine and distribute the imported crude, says the four supply the Israeli military, and says Delek, Paz and Sonol operate stations including in settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory. ³

Attribution caveat. Oil Change’s briefings describe Azerbaijani and Kazakh crude as Israel’s main supply and name BP, Chevron, Eni, ExxonMobil, Shell and TotalEnergies as companies implicated through their stakes; the page opened gives no Shell-specific shipment figures. ¹³

Latest update. Oil Change’s November 2025 release covers 323 shipments from 25 countries (21.2 million tonnes) between November 2023 and October 2025, with Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan supplying about 70% of crude; the page opened does not mention Shell. ¹⁴

Shell’s response. Shell was invited to respond to the allegations and did not respond, along with BP, Bazan, Ashdod Refinery, Overseas Shipholding and Paz Aviation, while Eni, Valero and Chevron did respond (10 September 2024). ¹⁵

Direct response record. In a separate BHRRC entry dated 10 September 2024, Shell declined to comment on whether it supplies oil to Israel and how that fits the ICJ ruling and the UN Guiding Principles. ⁴

Group-level entity listing. The BHRRC company page for Shell plc lists the item “Israel/OPT: Reports allege corporate and govt. complicity in fuel supply for ongoing conflict” under stories for which responses were invited; the page gives no date. ¹⁶

SOMO. The SOMO report Powering Injustice (posted by BHRRC on 17 December 2024) names the US, Brazil and Azerbaijan among the largest fuel suppliers to Israel; the summary page does not mention Shell. ¹⁷

Gas purchase talks (2017-2018) [pre-2020]. Royal Dutch Shell was reported on 21 August 2017 to be in talks to buy about 5 billion cubic metres a year of Israeli Leviathan gas for sale through its Idku LNG plant in Egypt; no signed deal appears in the page. ¹⁸ A Globes item of 12 March 2018 reported talks on a $25 billion, ten-year purchase of Leviathan and Aphrodite gas, citing Bloomberg; no evidence of a signed contract was found. ¹⁹ The Algemeiner copy of the Bloomberg report (21 August 2017) confirms Shell was reportedly in private talks and gives no Shell stake in Aphrodite. ²⁰

Seasonal sourcing. No public evidence identified of seasonal procurement from Israeli suppliers by any Shell Energy entity. ²

Product Origin, Labeling & Regulatory Compliance

Settlement-origin products and labeling. No public evidence identified of Shell Energy selling goods labelled “Produce of Israel” or of regulatory citations or enforcement concerning Israeli or settlement-origin goods; the Shell Energy businesses opened sell energy services rather than retail produce. ²

Corporate labeling policy. No public evidence identified of a Shell Energy policy on sourcing or labeling goods from occupied territories. ¹

Fuel-chain settlement nexus. The downstream Israeli fuel companies that receive crude in the reported supply chain include stations in settlements, but the AFSC page does not show Shell products or Shell-branded sales in settlements. ³

Investment, Capital & Financial Exposure

Ravin AI Ltd (Israeli-registered, Shell minority holding). Shell plc’s Exhibit 8.1 to its Form 20-F, listing significant subsidiaries and other related undertakings at 31 December 2023, has one entry under the heading Israel: Ravin AI Ltd of Ramat Gan, with a 36% Shell interest. ²¹ Globes reported on 21 May 2019 that Shell Ventures, the investment arm of Royal Dutch Shell plc, took part in Ravin’s $4 million seed round led by Pico Venture Partners, calling it Shell Ventures’ first investment in an Israeli startup, with Ravin then headquartered in Haifa with a London office and developing AI vehicle inspection [pre-2020]. ²² A PICO Venture Partners page dated March 2021 reports a $15 million Series A in Ravin AI led by KAR Global and does not mention Shell Ventures. ²³ The 36% stake is a minority related-undertaking interest, not a controlling operating ownership, and the exhibit does not state which Shell entity holds it. ²¹

Year-end record of Shell equity in Israeli-registered companies, 2023 to 2025. At 31 December 2023 the only Israeli-registered entity listed was Ravin AI Ltd at 36%. ²¹ At 31 December 2024 the exhibit has no Israel heading and no Ravin AI Ltd entry, the country list running from Ireland to Isle of Man to Italy. ²⁴ At 31 December 2025 the exhibit again has no Israel heading, the list running from Ireland to Isle of Man. ²⁵ The Ravin entry therefore dropped out between the 31 December 2023 list and the 31 December 2024 list; the exhibits do not state a reason, and no public disposal, liquidation or write-off record was found, so the exact date and mechanism are not established and absence from the list is not proof of exit. ^{24, 25}

RepAir Carbon (Israeli-described startup; Shell venture funding). World Oil, republishing Bloomberg on 5 December 2022, reported that RepAir raised $10 million backed by Extantia Capital and the venture arms of Shell and Equinor, describing it as an Israeli startup with its prototype in a laboratory near Haifa. ²⁶ A RepAir press release of 22 January 2025, reproduced by renewable-carbon.eu on 24 and 29 January 2025, says Shell US Gas and Power, LLC and Mitsubishi Corporation (Americas) will provide up to $3 million in development funding, contingent on delivery of project milestones, to RepAir Carbon US Inc., which would be a technology provider to the Pelican Gulf Coast Carbon Removal DAC Hub in Louisiana. ²⁷ E&E News (22 January 2025) likewise calls RepAir an Israeli startup with chief executive Amir Shiner, says Shell and Mitsubishi selected it for the Pelican hub, and says Shell “is investing in a technology company”, without naming a parent company or giving funding terms. ²⁸ no public evidence identified naming the parent company of RepAir Carbon US Inc., any payment of the milestone funding by Shell, or Shell’s current equity in RepAir after the December 2022 round. ^{27, 28, 26}

Woodside / Leviathan (2013) [pre-2020]. A 5 April 2013 JTA report (republished by the St. Louis Jewish Light) said Dutch television, citing a Commonwealth Bank of Australia report, claimed Shell would sell its 23.1% Woodside stake after Woodside agreed to buy 30% of Leviathan; Shell declined to comment. ²⁹ The Jewish Chronicle (9 April 2013) reported a Shell spokesperson saying Shell had already divested a substantial stake before the Leviathan announcement and still held 23%; status after 2013 is unknown. ³⁰

Gaza Marine (BG Group / Shell, 1999-2018) [pre-2020]. BG Group won the Gaza Marine exploration licence in 1999 and drilled two wells in 2000; Shell acquired the asset through its 2016 purchase of BG Group. ³¹ On 4 April 2018 WAFA, reporting a Palestine Investment Fund press release, said PIF had reached an agreement with BG Great Britain Limited, an affiliate of Royal Dutch Shell PLC, on its divestment, after which PIF held rights to 90% of the Gaza Marine licence; the release described the divestment as related to Shell’s corporate strategy and global portfolio management priorities. ³² An Ashurst notice dated 6 April 2018 names BG Great Britain Limited as the seller and Massader for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development Co, the energy and infrastructure arm of PIF, as the buyer’s vehicle, again giving 90% of the licence. ³³ Natural Gas World (4 April 2018) and Offshore Energy (5 April 2018) report that Shell sold its entire 90% interest and operatorship; no price was disclosed. ^{34, 35} The planned post-sale structure was PIF 27.5%, CCC Oil and Gas Ltd (a subsidiary of Consolidated Contractors Company) 27.5%, and an international operator 45% once approved by the Palestinian government. ³² Pre-sale press figures differ: Al Jazeera (6 March 2018) reported a 55% Shell stake and quoted a Shell spokesman saying Shell “continues to hold its equity in the Gaza Marine asset”, and Globes (8 March 2018) reported 60% (Palestinian Authority 40%). ^{36, 37} The sources opened do not reconcile the 55%, 60% and 90% figures, and the 90% figure is the one tied to the entity (BG Great Britain Limited) and the April 2018 agreement; the licence sale is reported as ended in 2018 and no later Shell holding is identified. ^{32, 33, 37}

Tamar / Leviathan ownership. No public evidence identified of a Shell working interest in Israeli fields; a search of Tamar and Leviathan partner listings did not return Shell. ¹⁹

Factories, data centres, real estate, acquired Israeli operating subsidiaries and sovereign-bond holdings. No public evidence identified for any Shell Energy entity or for Shell plc in the exhibits and pages opened, which show a 36% associate interest in Ravin AI Ltd to 31 December 2023 and no controlling Israeli subsidiary. ^{21, 24, 25}

Parent and ownership flows. Shell Energy Retail was acquired by Shell in a deal agreed in December 2017 and completed 28 February 2018, rebranded Shell Energy in March 2019 [pre-2020], and was part of Shell’s New Energies division until 2023. ¹ Companies House records the legal entity (company number 05070887) as incorporated on 11 March 2004, named First Utility Limited from 11 March 2004 to 22 March 2019, Shell Energy Retail Limited from 22 March 2019 to 4 December 2023, and now Octopus Energy Operations 2 Limited. ³⁸

Sale of Shell Energy Retail (UK and Germany) to Octopus Energy. Octopus Energy announced on 1 September 2023 that it had agreed to buy Shell Energy Retail in the UK and Germany from Impello Limited, a subsidiary of Shell Petroleum Company Limited, covering about 2 million customers (1.4 million household energy and 500,000 broadband), with completion expected in the fourth quarter of 2023 subject to regulatory approval. ³⁹ Octopus Energy Group completed its purchase on 1 December 2023, with the seller identified as Impello Limited, a subsidiary of Shell Petroleum Company Limited, and about 1.3 million customers moved. ⁴⁰ EV Infrastructure News reports that 1.3 million domestic customers moved to Octopus as of 1 December 2023 and that Shell Energy Retail became Octopus Energy Operations 2 Limited by resolution on 4 December. ⁴¹ The Companies House filing history shows Octopus Energy Limited notified as a person with significant control effective 30 November 2023 (filed 1 December 2023), directors replaced effective 30 November 2023, and the change-of-name certificate issued on 4 December 2023. ⁴² Shell Energy Australia is a subsidiary of Shell Australia, part of Shell plc, and was formerly ERM Power, acquired in November 2019 [pre-2020]. ⁴³

Controlling shareholders. The Shell plc notice of voting rights and capital gives 5,586,155,889 ordinary shares as of 29 May 2026; no public evidence identified in the pages opened of any holder of 10% or more. ⁴⁴

Operational Presence & Market Activity

Physical footprint. No public evidence identified of offices, warehouses, retail locations or sales operations of any Shell Energy entity in Israel or the occupied territories. ² Ravin AI Ltd, in which Shell held 36% at 31 December 2023, is listed with an address in Ramat Gan. ²¹

Historical presence [pre-2020]. Shell operated in the region from 1927 to 1958 as Shell Palestine with a large network of stations and withdrew in 1958 under the Arab League boycott; its assets were sold to Isaac Woolfson, who founded Paz. ⁴⁵ A 29 November 2005 report (Reuters via Yedioth Ahronoth) said Shell planned to return, first licensing imports and naming Barka Sakhar Ltd as exclusive dealer for fuels and oils to industrial customers; whether the arrangement continued is unknown from the page. ⁴⁵

Employment, tax registration and market characterisation. No public evidence identified of Israeli workforce, tax registration or investor-document characterisation of Israel as a market for Shell Energy entities. ¹

Israeli-nexus floor factors. The pages reviewed do not show Shell Energy founded in Israel or headquartered there: Shell Energy Retail’s legal entity was incorporated in England in 2004 as First Utility Limited, traded from 2008 and was headquartered in Coventry, and Shell Energy Australia is headquartered in Brisbane. ^{38, 1, 43} The only Israeli-founded entity found in Shell’s disclosed holdings is the minority-held Ravin AI Ltd, which is not a Shell Energy entity. ^{21, 22}

Corporate Structure & Foundational Ties

Founding and domicile. Shell Energy Retail was founded as First Utility, a spin-out from First Telecom, and was headquartered in Coventry before the Octopus sale; the registered legal entity dates from 11 March 2004. ^{1, 38} Shell Energy Australia has about 350 employees, is led by CEO Greg Joiner and is headquartered in Brisbane (article last edited 18 October 2025). ⁴³

State and governance ties. No public evidence identified of Israeli state ownership, government board appointees, golden shares or charter features tying any Shell Energy entity to Israeli state policy. ¹

Controlling principals (Shell plc). The Shell plc notice of 2026 annual general meeting (19 May 2026) lists the board as Sir Andrew Mackenzie (Chair), Wael Sawan (Chief Executive Officer), Dick Boer (Deputy Chair and Senior Independent Director), Sinead Gorman (Chief Financial Officer) and independent non-executive directors Ann Godbehere, Holly Keller Koeppel, Jane H. Lute, Sir Charles Roxburgh, Clare Scherrer, Abraham (Bram) Schot, Leena Srivastava and Cyrus Taraporevala, with Neil Carson and Catherine Hughes standing down at the close of the meeting. ⁴⁶ The portion of the notice read (the first 100,000 of about 110,774 characters) does not mention Israel, and no public evidence identified of personal or family-office investments in Israeli companies by any named director. ⁴⁶

OHCHR settlement database. The OHCHR database update of 26 September 2025 lists 158 enterprises from 11 countries (215 assessed, 68 added, 7 removed), and the wire report does not name Shell or oil majors. ⁴⁷ The UN page for the update is headed “UN Human Rights Office updates database of businesses involved in Israeli settlements in occupied West Bank (A/HRC/60/19)”; the full list was not opened. ⁴⁸

Albanese A/HRC/59/23. Shell’s inclusion in the report was not confirmed in the sources opened. ³

Named-entity record (searched by name).

• Shell plc (parent group): AFSC profile and Oil Change estimate of about 5% of Israel’s crude imports October 2023 to July 2024; declined to comment on oil supply; 36% of Ravin AI Ltd at 31 December 2023. ^{3, 4, 21}
• Sir Andrew Mackenzie (Chair): named on the 2026 board listing; searched with Israel, none found in the notice read. ⁴⁶
• Wael Sawan (Chief Executive Officer): named on the 2026 board listing; searched with Israel and oil supply, no public statement on supply to Israel identified. ⁴⁶
• Dick Boer (Deputy Chair): named on the 2026 board listing; searched, none found. ⁴⁶
• Sinead Gorman (Chief Financial Officer): named on the 2026 board listing; searched, none found. ⁴⁶
• Shell Ventures (venture arm of Royal Dutch Shell plc): participated in the Ravin seed round (21 May 2019) and the RepAir round (5 December 2022). ^{22, 26}
• Shell US Gas and Power, LLC: named with Mitsubishi Corporation (Americas) as source of up to $3 million milestone-based funding to RepAir Carbon US Inc. (January 2025). ²⁷
• Shell E&P Italia S.p.A.: holds 25% of the Tempa Rossa joint venture whose crude was loaded at Taranto, per Greenpeace Italia; searched with Israel, no entity-specific statement found. ⁵
• Ravin AI Ltd (Ramat Gan, 36% Shell interest at 31 December 2023): absent from the 2024 and 2025 lists; no acquisition or disposal record found. ^{21, 24, 25}
• RepAir Carbon US Inc.: recipient of the announced Shell funding; parent not named in the sources opened. ^{27, 28}
• Thenamaris (Greek owner of the tanker Seasalvia chartered by Shell): named in the Taranto reporting; searched, no further Israel record found. ⁹
• Eni (Taranto terminal operator): said it acted only as terminal operator and attributed one of three Taranto crude shipments to Shell. ⁵
• Impello Limited (seller of Shell Energy Retail, subsidiary of Shell Petroleum Company Limited): seller to Octopus on 1 December 2023; Israel search, none found. ^{40, 39}
• Shell Petroleum Company Limited (parent of Impello): searched, none found beyond the ownership statement. ⁴⁰
• BG Great Britain Limited (Shell affiliate): agreed April 2018 to divest the Gaza Marine interest to the Palestine Investment Fund. ^{32, 33}
• Palestine Investment Fund and Massader for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development Co (buyer and its energy arm): counterparties to the 2018 Gaza Marine sale. ^{32, 33}
• CCC Oil and Gas Ltd (subsidiary of Consolidated Contractors Company): PIF’s partner holding 27.5% under the post-sale structure. ³²
• Octopus Energy Operations 2 Limited (formerly Shell Energy Retail Limited, company number 05070887): now controlled by Octopus Energy Limited; Israel search, none found. ^{38, 42}
• Shell Australia / Shell Energy Australia: searched with Israel, none found. ⁴³
• Octopus Energy Group (acquirer, 1 December 2023): searched with Israel, none found in the release. ⁴⁰
• Woodside Petroleum (Shell investee in 2013): reported Leviathan link, Shell disputed the divestment motive. ³⁰
• Barka Sakhar Ltd (named 2005 Israeli dealer): searched, no later record found. ⁴⁵

Profit Repatriation & Economic Contribution

Revenue attribution. No public evidence identified of disclosed Shell Energy revenue attributed to Israel. ¹

Profit flows. No public evidence identified of profits flowing into Israel via Israeli ownership; Shell Energy Retail’s UK and German business is now owned by Octopus Energy Group following the 1 December 2023 completion. ⁴⁰

Economic ecosystem role. AFSC characterises Shell’s crude as part of the imported supply that feeds Bazan, Delek, Paz and Sonol, which it describes as Israel’s refiners and largest commercial fuel suppliers. ³

Act record.

• Act: crude supply attributed to Shell (Shell plc group, via production in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Italy); recipient: Israeli refiners and fuel companies; channel: Oil Change estimate carried on investigate.afsc.org; earliest and latest observation: October 2023 to July 2024 (estimate), profile valid 10 September 2025; status: unknown for 2026, Shell non-responsive; the exact Shell legal entity is not identified. ^{3, 15}
• Act: Tempa Rossa crude cargo from Taranto attributed by Eni to Shell; acting entity: Shell, with Shell E&P Italia S.p.A. as 25% joint-venture holder (the entity that handled the cargo is not named); recipient: Israel, with Paz named as buyer for two of the three Taranto cargoes and no buyer named for the Shell-handled one; channel: greenpeace.org/italy (press release and story page); window: June 2024 to November 2025 for the 17 shipments, the Shell-handled cargo undated; status: single cargo, ended by its nature, with no continuing supply evidenced; Shell did not reply. ^{5, 6}
• Act: Seasalvia charter for about 30,000 tonnes of crude at Taranto; acting entity: Shell (legal entity not identified); recipient: Ashkelon, Israel per the harbour-master account, Egypt per the official destination, no buyer named; channels: shippingitaly.it, lindipendente.online, meteoweb.eu, portseurope.com; observations 24 September to 30 October 2025; status: Eni cancelled loading on 24 September, a later report says loading was completed and the ship left on 28 September, a further arrival at Taranto was expected on 30 October 2025, and arrival in Israel and the later outcome are not established. ^{8, 9, 10, 12}
• Act: Shell Ventures minority investment in Ravin AI Ltd; recipient: Ravin (Israeli AI vehicle-inspection company); channels: en.globes.co.il and sec.gov (Exhibit 8.1); earliest 21 May 2019, latest listing 31 December 2023 at 36%; status: unknown at research date, absent from the 2024 and 2025 lists with no disposal record found. ^{22, 21, 24, 25}
• Act: Shell Ventures participation in RepAir’s $10 million round (5 December 2022) and announced Shell US Gas and Power, LLC milestone funding of up to $3 million to RepAir Carbon US Inc. (22 January 2025); recipient: RepAir, described as Israeli; channels: worldoil.com, renewable-carbon.eu, eenews.net; latest observation 29 January 2025; status: unknown, with no evidence of payment or of current equity. ^{26, 27, 28}
• Act: divestment of the Gaza Marine interest by BG Great Britain Limited (Shell affiliate); recipient: Palestine Investment Fund (through Massader); channels: english.wafa.ps (PIF press release), legal-monitor.com (Ashurst notice), offshore-energy.biz, naturalgasworld.com; observations 6 March 2018 (Al Jazeera, Shell still holding) to 6 April 2018 (Ashurst notice); status: ended per the April 2018 agreement, with the stake given as 90% by the PIF-derived sources and no later Shell holding identified. ^{32, 33, 35, 34, 36}
• Act: 2017-2018 reported talks to buy Leviathan/Aphrodite gas; entity: Royal Dutch Shell (as reported); channels: newarab.com, dailyalert.org, algemeiner.com; observations 21 August 2017 to 12 March 2018; status: unknown, no signed deal evidenced. ^{18, 19, 20}
• Act: sale of Shell Energy Retail UK/Germany; actors Impello Limited (seller) and Octopus Energy Group (buyer); channels: octopus.energy (announcement 1 September 2023, completion 1 December 2023) and find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk (control effective 30 November 2023, rename 4 December 2023); status: ended. ^{39, 40, 42}
• Act: Shell public communication on Israel supply: declined to comment (BHRRC entry 10 September 2024); channel: business-humanrights.org; no Shell policy statement was found. ⁴
• Constructive notice: the Greenpeace window (June 2024 to November 2025) and the Seasalvia charter (September 2025, with a further expected arrival on 30 October 2025) fall after the ICJ opinion of July 2024 and the ICC warrants of November 2024, but the Shell-handled Tempa Rossa cargo is undated, and the November 2025 Oil Change update opened does not name Shell. ^{5, 8, 12, 14}