Ocado DIGITAL

Research date: 2 November 2026 (second expansion run). Evidence older than five years is flagged [pre-2020] or [pre-2021]. No scores or conclusions are given.

Enterprise Technology Stack & Vendor Relationships

Documented vendors. Ocado Technology (the technology arm named in Google’s case study) uses Google Cloud’s Security Command Center (SCC) Premium as its “centralized vulnerability and threat reporting service”, with Pub/Sub and Cloud Functions routing alerts to tools such as Splunk and JIRA, in a Google-published article dated 9 July 2022 ¹. Google’s customer page lists the products used by Ocado Technology as BigQuery, Security Command Center and Google Workspace and states that the company has 2,500 employees ². These vendor-published pages do not give an end date, so the relationships are best described as documented as of 2022 with current status unknown ^{1, 2}.

Ocado Retail data platform and integrator. Ocado Retail Limited worked with Google Cloud and the systems integrator Cognizant to build an enterprise data warehouse on BigQuery, using Cloud Run, Vertex AI and Vertex AI Natural Language, in a Google Cloud partner article dated 13 April 2023 ³. Kieren Johnson, Ocado Retail’s Head of IT, is quoted as saying “We standardized on Google Cloud, including BigQuery, as the foundation for our data platform” ³. A Cognizant case study titled “Ocado Retail Grows Sales with Hyper-Personalized Marketing” describes Ocado Retail as a 50-50 joint venture between Ocado Group and Marks & Spencer, an enterprise data platform built on Google Cloud creating a 360-degree customer view, and a marketing suite combining that data with Adobe Campaign modules ⁴. The Cognizant page gives no project dates, and neither it nor the Google article names an Israeli-origin technology in this programme ^{4, 3}.

Israeli-origin personalisation vendor (Dynamic Yield). A casestudies.com mirror of a Dynamic Yield case study states that “Working with Conversio and Dynamic Yield, Ocado ran an 18-month, data-driven personalization and testing program”, with different treatments for first-time shoppers, customers approaching a fifth purchase, and repeat buyers and potential Smart Pass subscribers ⁵. The page names only “Ocado” (“the UK’s largest online supermarket serving nearly one million active users”) and no Ocado legal entity, attributes the case study to Matthew Wilson, Digital Development Manager, and is vendor-marketing material ⁵. The page gives no start date and no end date for the programme; the only year on it is the mirror website’s own 2026 footer, which does not date the programme ⁵. A second casestudies.com Dynamic Yield case study names “Ocado” as “the world’s largest online grocery” with the lifestyle brands Fetch, Fabled and Sizzle, names Leonie Tamkin as Digital Marketing Manager at Ocado, and describes use of the personalization platform for journey-stage recommendations, dynamic banners, voucher messaging and cart-abandonment emails ⁶. That page likewise carries no programme dates ⁶. The contracting Ocado entity, the programme’s earliest and latest dates, and its status at the research date are therefore unknown ^{5, 6}.

Dynamic Yield founding year. Globes reported on 21 December 2021 that Dynamic Yield “was founded in 2011 by Liad Agmon and Omri Mendellevich” and described it as an “Israeli AI company” ⁷. The Jerusalem Post reported on 22 December 2021 that it was “founded in 2011 by Liad Agmon and Omri Mendelevich” ⁸. Calcalist, on 21 December 2021, gave “Founded in 2012” for the same two founders ⁹. TechCrunch quoted Liad Agmon on 25 March 2019 as saying “We started Dynamic Yield seven years ago”, which implies about 2012 though the page states no year ¹⁰ [pre-2020]. The Wikidata item records inception as 2011 and a start time of January 2012, with the inception value imported from Wikipedia and unreferenced otherwise, so it is context only ¹¹. No official Israeli registry extract was retrieved in this session, so the 2011 versus 2012 difference is unresolved ^{7, 9, 8}.

Dynamic Yield headquarters at the acquisition and now. The Jerusalem Post described Dynamic Yield on 22 December 2021 as “based in Tel Aviv” with “over 200 employees” ⁸. Globes had described it on 8 August 2018 as a “Tel Aviv-based company” and an “Israeli AI powered personalization software company” ¹² [pre-2020]. Neither the Calcalist article nor the Mastercard release of December 2021 states a headquarters, and the Mastercard release dateline is Purchase, N.Y. and Chicago ^{9, 13}. Mastercard’s release of 4 April 2022 says Dynamic Yield has “teams in Tel Aviv, New York City and around the world” and gives no headquarters ¹⁴. Mastercard’s careers page, read on 2 November 2026 and undated, says the One Tower office in Ramat Gan “proudly serves as the headquarters for both” Dynamic Yield and Mastercard Israel and that Dynamic Yield “joined Mastercard in 2022” ¹⁵. A design-trade page published 2 October 2024 shows a 64,583 sq ft Ramat Gan fit-out for Dynamic Yield with a project year of 2023, and does not call it the headquarters ¹⁶. No opened source establishes Ramat Gan as the headquarters at the time of the Mastercard acquisition, so the contemporaneous description is Tel Aviv-based with a New York team, and the Ramat Gan headquarters statement is a later, current one ^{8, 14, 15}.

Dynamic Yield ownership and size. Globes reported on 21 December 2021 that Mastercard had announced the acquisition from McDonald’s and that McDonald’s had paid $300 million for it, and that the Mastercard deal was due to close in the first half of 2022 ⁷. TechCrunch reported on 25 March 2019 that McDonald’s was acquiring Dynamic Yield, with a source saying the price was “more than $300 million”, and quoted McDonald’s as saying Dynamic Yield “will continue to operate as a standalone company serving existing and future clients” ¹⁰ [pre-2020]. AdExchanger describes the company as one that “keeps getting acquired by brands”, confirming the McDonald’s 2019 and Mastercard late-2021 sales without stating its origin ¹⁷. Calcalist reported in December 2021 that about 220 of its 320 employees were in Israel and that Mastercard planned “a significant R&D center in Israel” with “hundreds of engineers” ⁹. Mastercard’s December 2021 release says more than 400 global brands use the platform, that Liad Agmon was CEO and that CTO Ori Bauer would become CEO at closing ¹³. A Business Wire release dated 4 April 2022, reproduced on observer-reporter.com, says Mastercard had completed the acquisition, that Dynamic Yield serves more than 400 brands and that it joins Mastercard’s Data & Services organisation ¹⁸. The same release is on Mastercard’s investor site, which gives no founding year and no Dynamic Yield headcount ¹⁴. The vendor’s current owner is therefore Mastercard, not an Israeli entity, and its development base is documented in Israel ^{15, 18, 9}.

Israeli-headquartered security vendor (Namogoo). Blumberg Capital, an investor in Namogoo, published a summary dated 1 June 2016 headlined “Namogoo to protect customer data and privacy for Ocado” ¹⁹. Globes reported on 31 October 2019 that Namogoo is based in Herzliya, Israel, and had raised $69 million in total ²⁰. Wikipedia reports that AB Tasty acquired Namogoo in November 2025 in a share-based deal ²¹. The 2016 relationship is [pre-2020]; the summary does not state its term or scope beyond customer data and privacy protection, and whether it continued or has ended is unknown ¹⁹.

Other client-side security vendor (Wandz.ai). A Wandz.ai case-study page dated 23 October 2023 says Ocado deployed its Customer Hijacking Prevention solution and reports 12 million blocked injections in 30 days ²². The page does not say where Wandz.ai is based or whether it is related to Namogoo, so Israeli origin is unconfirmed ²². This is vendor-published material ²².

Named Israeli-origin vendors from the brief. No public evidence identified of an Ocado licensing, subscription or integration relationship with Check Point, Wiz, SentinelOne, CyberArk, Nice, Verint, Claroty or Palo Alto Networks; the Google case-study pages name Google Cloud, Splunk and JIRA as the security and monitoring stack instead ^{1, 2}.

Scale of dependency. The documented Dynamic Yield use is onsite personalisation and testing for the customer web journey, not core network security or the primary cloud platform, which the sources show as Google Cloud ^{5, 6, 3}.

Retail media and advertising partners. Ocado Retail’s partnership with The Trade Desk, published 9 March 2023, gives advertisers access to consented Ocado first-party shopper data, and the release does not mention Israel or any Israeli company ²³. Ocado Retail Limited’s current privacy policy names Epsilon, Permutive, LiveRamp, Experian, The Trade Desk, Google Analytics, Impact and RedEye as personalisation, advertising, insight or tracking providers, and does not name Dynamic Yield ²⁴. A second ocado.com privacy-policy page adds Group M to that list and likewise does not name Dynamic Yield or any testing vendor ²⁵.

Integrators. Cognizant is the named systems integrator for the Ocado Retail data platform, and Conversio is the named optimisation agency in the Dynamic Yield programme ^{4, 5}. No public evidence identified that either mandated or recommended Israeli-origin technology beyond Conversio’s use of Dynamic Yield, which the mirror describes as the platform of the programme ⁵. The origin and location of Conversio are not stated on the page ⁵.

Surveillance, Biometrics & Retail Technology

Facial recognition and biometrics. No public evidence identified of Ocado use of Trigo, BriefCam, AnyVision/Oosto, Trax or comparable Israeli-origin biometric or in-store analytics products; the Ocado Group and Ocado Retail corporate pages reviewed do not mention Israel or such vendors ^{26, 27}.

Behavioural and customer-journey analytics. The Dynamic Yield programme is customer-stage targeting and A/B testing on the Ocado website, not facial recognition or gait analysis ⁵. The mirror describes first-time-shopper offers, a progress mechanic towards a fifth purchase, and Smart Pass promotion to repeat buyers ⁵. Dynamic Yield is Israeli-founded and Tel Aviv-based at the time of the Mastercard deal (see Enterprise section), so this is a documented Israeli-origin behavioural personalisation tool at Ocado, with start date, end date and current status not established ^{12, 7, 8, 5}. Dynamic Yield’s developer documentation says its cookies are set on the dynamicyield.com domain or the customer’s own second-level domain, with storage limited to a maximum of 365 days, and lists identifiers such as _dyid (30 days) and _dy_soct (1 year) ²⁸. Neither Ocado Retail’s privacy policy, its 2019 website privacy and cookie policy, nor Ocado Group’s cookie policy effective 1 February 2025 names Dynamic Yield as a cookie or processing provider ^{24, 29, 30}.

Predictive analytics and workforce monitoring. No public evidence identified of Israeli-origin predictive policing, sentiment-analysis, social-media monitoring or workforce-surveillance tools used by Ocado ^{26, 27}. Ocado Retail’s documented personalisation work also includes Google Cloud machine-learning tools via Cognizant and Adobe Campaign modules, neither of which is an Israeli product ^{3, 4}.

Third-party deployment. Two documented indirect routes exist. The first is the Israeli-headquartered Namogoo anti-hijacking service announced for Ocado in June 2016, which concerns web-session security ^{19, 20}. The second is Dynamic Yield, delivered through the optimisation agency Conversio ⁵. Beyond these, no public evidence identified of Israeli-origin technology reaching Ocado through platform providers or bundled suites ^{1, 3}.

Cloud Infrastructure, Data Residency & Sovereign Cloud Participation

Ocado as a cloud customer. Ocado Technology and Ocado Retail are documented as customers of Google Cloud (SCC Premium and BigQuery) rather than providers of cloud infrastructure ^{1, 3}. Ocado’s own corporate pages describe fulfilment centres in the UK, France, Canada, Australia and Spain and do not mention Israel ²⁶.

Data centres in Israel. No public evidence identified that Ocado operates, leases or co-locates data-centre infrastructure in Israel ^{26, 2}.

Government cloud contracts and sovereignty services. No public evidence identified of Ocado participation in Project Nimbus or comparable state cloud programmes, or of services marketed for Israeli state data sovereignty or resilience ^{26, 27}.

Data-exposure pipeline (customer data). Ocado Retail’s customer data platform is documented as running on Google BigQuery ³. Where within Google’s regions that data is stored is not stated in the pages reviewed ³. Ocado Retail Limited, the controller named in its current privacy policy (company number 03875000), states that it stores data in the UK and elsewhere, including the EEA and third territories including the US, and the policy does not mention Israel ²⁴. A second ocado.com privacy-policy page says Ocado’s operations are based in the UK and that transfers outside it rely on UK adequacy regulations or safeguards such as standard contractual clauses with the UK Addendum or an IDTA, and it does not mention Israel ²⁵. Ocado Retail’s 2019 policy, dated 5 August 2019, said Google Analytics data including IP addresses is stored on Google servers in the US and that some data goes to service providers outside the EEA under standard contractual clauses and the EU-US Privacy Shield, with no mention of Israel ²⁹ [pre-2020]. Ocado Group’s cookie policy, effective 1 February 2025, says transfers to Google servers in the United States rely on the EU-US Data Privacy Framework and/or standard contractual clauses, and does not mention Israel ³⁰.

Dynamic Yield data location and Israeli access (examiner question). The two Dynamic Yield case-study mirrors say nothing about where Ocado shopper data used for personalisation is hosted ^{5, 6}. Dynamic Yield’s developer documentation on cookies states how identifiers are stored in the browser but does not state a server storage location, an EU data centre or an Israeli access arrangement ²⁸. Dynamic Yield’s R&D base is in Israel, with about 220 of 320 staff in Israel in December 2021 ⁹. Mastercard’s careers page describes a Ramat Gan headquarters for Dynamic Yield and Mastercard Israel ¹⁵. No public evidence identified, on any Ocado, Dynamic Yield or Mastercard page reviewed, of the hosting region of Ocado’s Dynamic Yield account, of a sub-processor list covering it, or of whether Israel-based staff can access Ocado data ^{24, 28, 5, 6}. For context on the legal regime only, the European Commission’s report released 15 January 2024 concluded that adequacy decisions should be maintained for 11 jurisdictions including Israel, and the ICO lists Israel as having full adequacy under UK adequacy regulations ^{31, 32}. That documents that transfers of personal data to Israel are permitted under EU and UK law and does not establish that any Ocado data is transferred to or held in Israel ^{31, 32}. No public evidence identified that the Ocado data pipeline routes through Israeli jurisdiction or Israeli-controlled infrastructure ^{3, 1, 24}.

Policies. Ocado Group’s published policies list covers a Human Rights Policy, Supplier Code of Conduct and a Responsible Use of AI commitment but names no data-residency or IT-security policy ³³.

Defence, Intelligence & Security Sector Technology Relationships

Contracts with Israeli state security bodies. No public evidence identified of contracts or partnerships between Ocado entities and the Israeli Ministry of Defence, IDF or intelligence agencies; the Ocado Group corporate page lists commercial grocery-technology customers and sites and does not mention Israel ²⁶.

Dual-use deployment in Israel or the occupied territories. No public evidence identified that Ocado’s platform or robotics has been reported as deployed for military or law-enforcement surveillance in Israel or the occupied territories ^{26, 34}.

Offensive cyber and weapons technology. No public evidence identified of Ocado development, sale or licensing of offensive cyber capabilities or weapons systems ^{35, 36}.

Constructive notice. The only Israeli-origin vendor relationship found with an undetermined end date is the Dynamic Yield programme, whose pages carry no programme dates, so no public evidence identified on whether it continued after 19 July 2024 or November 2024 ^{5, 6}. The mirror pages carry a 2026 website footer, which dates the mirror and not the programme ^{5, 6}. Mastercard’s careers page, read on 2 November 2026, describes Dynamic Yield as a current Mastercard unit but says nothing about Ocado ¹⁵. The Namogoo relationship is dated 2016 with unknown status ¹⁹. Ocado’s current privacy policy does not list Dynamic Yield among its named providers, which neither confirms nor excludes continued use ^{24, 25}.

Controlling principals. Tim Steiner is described as Ocado co-founder and chief executive; the Wikipedia article reviewed mentions no Israeli or defence-industry ties and records a £50,000 donation to the Conservative Party during the 2019 UK general election ³⁷. Ocado said on 22 June 2026 that Steiner and the board “continually engage in long-term succession planning and regularly engage with potential candidates” ³⁸. Chair Adam Warby (from 1 December 2024) has a career background at Avanade, Microsoft and IBM, and the announcement page mentions no defence or Israel affiliation ³⁹. Former chair Rick Haythornthwaite’s biography lists chair roles at Mastercard, NatWest and Centrica, and a government-appointed review of UK Armed Forces pay and conditions, with no Israel mention ⁴⁰. Lingotto Investment Management LLP is shown in a Ticker-hosted RNS of 24 July 2025 as having previously notified a total of 13.09% of voting rights (9.56% attached to shares, 3.53% through financial instruments) and as then reporting 14.25%; the item reviewed contains no Israel-related information ⁴¹. The Ocado Group annual-report announcement page for the year ended 30 November 2025 mentions no Israel-related content or technology suppliers ⁴². Public statements, lobbying-register entries and company donations: no public evidence identified beyond the Steiner donation above ³⁷.

AI, Algorithmic & Autonomous Systems

AI/ML provision to Israeli state bodies. No public evidence identified of Ocado providing AI, computer vision or decision-support systems to Israeli state, military or security bodies ^{26, 34}.

Training data. No public evidence identified that Ocado models were trained on, or given access to, civilian or surveillance data from Israel or the occupied territories; documented machine-learning use is Ocado Retail’s own customer-personalisation work on Google Vertex AI ³. The reverse direction (Ocado shopper data used by Dynamic Yield’s platform) is described only as personalisation and testing, with no statement on model training ⁵. Ocado Group’s cookie policy says cookies are used to “enhance personalisation” and names no personalisation or testing tool ³⁰.

Autonomous targeting. No public evidence identified of Ocado supplying autonomous target-generation, threat-detection or tracking systems to Israeli forces ^{35, 36}.

Ocado Smart Platform licensing, customers and displacement. Wikipedia’s Ocado article lists Smart Platform licensees Groupe Casino (November 2017), Sobeys (January 2018), Kroger (May 2018) and Coles Group (May 2020), and does not mention Aldi or any Israeli partner, customer or supplier ⁴³ [pre-2021]. Ocado announced on 21 July 2026 an agreement to build a customer fulfilment centre for an unnamed “fast-growing European national retailer”, with go-live in full-year 2028 ⁴⁴. Ocado Group’s own announcement of 29 May 2026 says the Ocado Smart Platform will “quickly replace and upgrade Asda’s existing ecommerce infrastructure” with roll-out from 2027 and go-live in early 2027, names no system being replaced, names no other technology vendor and does not mention Israel ⁴⁵. Yahoo Finance UK and IGD coverage of the Asda deal likewise names no existing system or provider being replaced ^{46, 47}. None of those articles mentions Aldi, and Aldi UK’s own press release of 24 September 2026 describes a Deliveroo partnership with a nationwide launch planned for early 2027 and does not mention Ocado ^{46, 47, 48}. No public evidence identified of an Ocado–Aldi arrangement, so no Aldi system displacement is documented ^{44, 48, 45}. Other customer events: Kroger closed three Ocado-run fulfilment centres, announced 18 November 2025, with Ocado expecting compensation above $250 million ⁴⁹. Ocado announced 1,000 job cuts on 26 February 2026 and said it was still expanding with Sobeys ³⁴. None of these pages mentions an Israeli partner, customer or supplier ^{44, 46, 47, 49, 34}.

Technology Ecosystem & R&D Footprint

Israeli R&D centres. No public evidence identified of an Ocado R&D centre, engineering office or accelerator in Israel; the Ocado Group page lists locations in the UK, France, Canada, Australia and Spain and does not mention Israel ²⁶. The Israeli R&D footprint documented in this audit belongs to the vendor Dynamic Yield (about 220 of 320 staff in Israel in December 2021, a Ramat Gan fit-out of 64,583 sq ft with a 2023 project year, and a Ramat Gan headquarters statement on Mastercard’s careers page), not to Ocado ^{9, 16, 15}.

Acquisitions and investments. Ocado acquired Kindred Systems (San Francisco, $262 million in cash) and Haddington Dynamics (Las Vegas, $25 million in cash and stock) in a deal reported 2 November 2020 ³⁵. Ocado agreed on 23 May 2022 to buy Myrmex Inc. of Athens for €10.2 million, having held a minority stake since 2020, for its “Automated Frameload” order-loading technology ³⁶. No public evidence identified of an acquisition of, or strategic investment in, an Israeli technology company by Ocado ^{35, 36, 43}.

Patents and academic co-development. No public evidence identified of patent licensing or co-development between Ocado and Israeli institutions such as the Technion, Hebrew University or the Weizmann Institute; Ocado Group’s policies page lists virtual product marking patent lists for the US, EP and GB without naming any Israeli co-applicant ^{33, 26}.

Civil Society Scrutiny & Regulatory History

UN OHCHR settlement database. Reuters-sourced coverage of the September 2025 update says the database lists 158 companies, 68 added since June 2023 and seven removed, and the article does not name Ocado or any UK grocery or technology company ⁵⁰. Listing status here rests on that secondary coverage ⁵⁰.

A/HRC/59/23. The ecoi.net record confirms the report “From economy of occupation to economy of genocide” (Albanese, 2 July 2025), and press coverage reviewed names Glencore, Booking.com, Microsoft, Maersk and Volvo Group while not naming Ocado ^{51, 52}.

NGO and boycott campaigns. A Business & Human Rights Resource Centre page on global boycott efforts targeting companies linked to Israel lists companies such as Carrefour, Pret A Manger and Starbucks and does not mention Ocado ⁵³. A Change.org petition created 8 October 2025 titled “Demand Full Transparency in Food Sourcing - End Complicity in Genocide” calls for disclosure of ingredient sourcing, an end to sourcing from Israel and full country-of-origin labelling, and lists Ocado among its “Decision Makers”; the page showed 66 signatures and no Ocado response ⁵⁴. No campaign specifically about Ocado technology provision was identified ^{54, 53}. No public evidence identified of a boycott or NGO campaign naming Dynamic Yield’s relationship with Ocado, and a search on Mastercard and Dynamic Yield against boycott and settlement-list sources surfaced no such listing ^{18, 53}.

Data-transfer scrutiny (context). Civil-society open letters dated 22 April 2024 and June 2025 challenged the Commission’s Israel adequacy decision, and the Commission’s report of 15 January 2024 maintained the decision for Israel ³¹. No public evidence identified of a regulatory finding or complaint concerning Ocado data transfers to Israel ^{24, 25, 32}.

Regulatory or legal actions. No public evidence identified of regulatory inquiries, export-control actions or sanctions investigations involving Ocado technology sales or services to Israeli state entities ^{26, 50}.

Supply-chain leads outside this domain. Ocado Retail Limited is a joint venture of Marks & Spencer Group and Ocado Group that sells more than 7,000 M&S food and drink lines, and neither partner page mentions Israel ^{55, 27}. A Corporate Watch article of 22 January 2013, hosted by the Business & Human Rights Resource Centre, alleged that Mehadrin mislabelled West Bank produce as “produce of Israel” and names Tesco and the Co-operative Group, and it does not mention Ocado or M&S ⁵⁶ [pre-2020]. No public evidence identified of Ocado or Ocado Retail sourcing from Mehadrin, Yehuda or Telma, or of a settlement-origin labelling policy; Ocado Group’s policies page lists a Human Rights Policy and Supplier Code of Conduct without Israel-specific wording, and this remains an open ECON question ^{56, 33, 55, 27}.

Named-entity and act record.

• Ocado Group plc (target, listed parent): searched for Israel, Who Profits, OHCHR and Albanese links, none found in the pages reviewed ^{26, 50, 52}.
• Ocado Solutions, Operating, Innovation, Holdings and Central Services Limited (group entities that publish section 172 statements): searched on the policies page, no Israel link found ³³.
• Ocado Retail Limited (company number 03875000, 50/50 joint venture of Marks & Spencer Group and Ocado Group): searched, no Israel link found on its own site, its privacy policy or M&S’s page, and the Cognizant case study on its data platform names Google Cloud and Adobe Campaign ^{27, 55, 4, 24}.
• Marks & Spencer Group (50% owner of Ocado Retail): searched against Israel and the settlement database, none found in the pages reviewed ^{55, 50}.
• Lingotto Investment Management LLP (13.09% of voting rights as the previously notified total, per the RNS of 24 July 2025): searched only via the holdings item, no Israel link found ⁴¹.
• Tim Steiner (co-founder and CEO): searched for Israel, defence, Unit 8200, statements and donations, none found beyond a £50,000 donation to the Conservative Party in 2019 ^{37, 38}.
• Adam Warby (Chair from 1 December 2024): searched, no defence or Israel affiliation on the announcement page ³⁹.
• Rick Haythornthwaite (Chair May 2021 to December 2024): searched, none found ⁴⁰.
• Dynamic Yield (Israeli-founded vendor; owned by McDonald’s from 2019 and by Mastercard from April 2022; founding year 2011 or 2012; Tel Aviv-based at acquisition; Ramat Gan headquarters per Mastercard): searched with Ocado, found the Israeli-origin and ownership record above, and no state, military or occupied-territory contract was found in the pages reviewed ^{7, 8, 18, 15, 5}.
• Liad Agmon and Omri Mendellevich (founders of Dynamic Yield; Agmon CEO until the Mastercard closing): searched in the acquisition coverage, no link to Ocado or to state security bodies found ^{7, 13}.
• Ori Bauer (Dynamic Yield CTO, named to become CEO at the Mastercard closing): searched in the Mastercard release, no Ocado or state-security link found ¹³.
• McDonald’s (owner of Dynamic Yield 2019 to 2022, which paid $300 million per Globes): searched for the sale, no Ocado link found ^{7, 10}.
• Mastercard (acquirer and current owner of Dynamic Yield, announced as Mastercard (NYSE: MA)): searched for Dynamic Yield ownership, Israeli operations and boycott or settlement-list entries, found the Ramat Gan headquarters statement, and found no boycott or settlement-list entry in the search results ^{57, 15, 18, 14}.
• Conversio (optimisation agency named in the programme): searched with Ocado, described only as the partner in the programme, origin and any Israel link not established ⁵.
• Act: Ocado (Ocado Technology) uses Google Cloud Security Command Center Premium, channel cloud.google.com (Google-authored), observed 9 July 2022 and the Google customer page, status unknown ^{1, 2}.
• Act: Ocado Retail Limited with Cognizant on a BigQuery platform, channel cloud.google.com, observed 13 April 2023; Cognizant also describes the platform on cognizant.com without a date; status unknown ^{3, 4}.
• Act: “Ocado” (legal entity not named) with Conversio and Dynamic Yield on an 18-month personalisation programme, recipient Ocado customers, channel casestudies.com (a third-party mirror of vendor marketing), earliest and latest programme dates not shown on either page, status unknown ^{5, 6}.
• Act: Mastercard acquired Dynamic Yield from McDonald’s, announced December 2021 and completed 4 April 2022, channels mastercard.com newsroom and investor pages, the acquisition continuing as the owner relationship as of Mastercard’s careers page read 2 November 2026 ^{13, 14, 15}.
• Act: Ocado engaged Namogoo (Herzliya, Israel), channel blumbergcapital.com (an investor’s site), observed 1 June 2016, status unknown, [pre-2020] ^{19, 20}.
• Act: Ocado deployed Wandz.ai, channel wandz.ai (vendor’s site), observed 23 October 2023, status unknown, vendor origin unconfirmed ²².
• Act: Ocado Retail Limited publishes a privacy policy naming advertising and analytics providers but not Dynamic Yield, channel ocado.com (Ocado’s own site), undated page with a 2026 footer read 2 November 2026, continuing as a published notice ^{24, 25}.
• Act: Ocado Group plc announced the Asda partnership on 29 May 2026 (channel ocadogroup.com, Ocado’s own site; recipient Asda, legal entity not stated) and the unnamed European retailer deal on 21 July 2026, both continuing as announced with go-lives of early 2027 and 2028 ^{45, 44}.